D-Entropy in Classical Mechanics

Abstract

The work is devoted to a new concept in physics—D entropy, defined as the relative increment of the internal energy of a body due to its energy of motion. D-entropy follows from the body’s motion equation, which is derived based on the principle of dualism of symmetry (PDS). According to the PDS, the evolution of bodies is determined by both the symmetry of space and the symmetry of the body and the motion equation is derived from the expression of energy, which is the sum of the body's internal energy and the energy of its motion. Such a representation of energy is carried out in micro- and macro-variables that determine the motions of the elements of the body and the body itself, as a whole, respectively. This made it possible to take into account dissipative forces in the body’s motion equation, which depend on micro- and macro-variables, arising when the body moves in an inhomogeneous field of forces, and determining the transformation of its energy of motion into internal energy. The D-entropy for large equilibrium systems, like the Clausius entropy, only increases. For small systems, the D-entropy can decrease. The main advantage of D-entropy is that it is determined through the dynamic parameters of the body. This makes it possible to use it to study the processes of evolution of objects, for example, the Universe, since it takes into account the role of relative motions in changing their internal states within the framework of the fundamental laws of physics.