Reforms in Federal Training Institutions in Pakistan—An Institutional Perspective

Abstract

The study addressed the most important reforms in Pakistan’s federal training institutions and emphasized the country’s primary reform trajectories. The three coordination typologies of HTM, MTM, and NTM were used to categorize major events that occurred during distinct reform periods. The chapter revolves around two major objectives: the rationale for the emergence of federal training institutions and the theoretical explanation of this trend. The purpose of this chapter is descriptive, which is achieved through qualitative data analysis. For this purpose, document analysis is the major source of data analysis. For corroboration of the analysis, the researcher has conducted 5 interviews with the civil servants working at administrative positions in these FTIs. These interviews helped the researcher to validate the interpretations drawn from the document analysis. It was found that the majority of reforms were based on shifting lines of power, forming new agencies, and merging existing ones, all of which led to a hierarchy-type administration. However, there have been few advancements in market-type and network-type management. The reform process was also described through institutional isomorphism in this chapter. The study concluded that public sector organizations are vulnerable to a variety of external forces. The chapter concludes with the contextual identification of the major issues related to policy development and implementation in the public sector in Pakistan.