Abstract
Outstanding characters have influenced European integration. Many promoted the integration, as Monnet or Schuman, French citizens and fervent pro-Europeans. Another trend is started by supporters of a different approach, European cooperation. They emphasize the protagonist participation of the Member States in the process of uniting Europe. President Charles de Gaulle was a relevant member of the second group, perhaps the most iconic of them in the European integration history of the twentieth century. His long term as president of France provided him with the opportunity to deeply mark the process and influenced it over decades, even long after he resigned.
Of course one can jump up and down yelling Europe! Europe! Europe! But it amounts to nothing and it means nothing.
Charles de Gaulle (1965)
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Ramiro Troitiño, D. (2022). De Gaulle: The Role of the Member States in the European Union. In: Ramiro Troitiño, D., Martín de la Guardia, R., Pérez Sánchez, G.A. (eds) The European Union and its Political Leaders. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-96662-1_17
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