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Emerging Biotechnological Processes in Controlling Nitrogen Pollution to Minimize Eutrophication of Surface Waters in Asia

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Environmental Degradation: Challenges and Strategies for Mitigation

Part of the book series: Water Science and Technology Library ((WSTL,volume 104))

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Abstract

Nitrogen pollution from domestic, industrial, and agricultural sources leads to eutrophication and other adverse effects in aquatic systems. Therefore, nitrogen removal from wastewaters before disposal into water bodies is necessary. Many countries have enforced stringent discharge standards as less as10 mg/L as N to control nitrogen pollution. This book chapter reviews the emerging biotechnological processes in controlling nitrogen pollution cost-effectively and helps in meeting stringent discharge standards in contrast to the conventional nitrification–denitrification process. The emphasis of review is on process description and influencing parameters, merits/demerits of each process, and the reactor types employed using the literature reported in the last two decades. Finally, a comprehensive evaluation is done on the process performance for selecting the appropriate process for controlling nitrogen pollution from wastewaters, and recommendations are included.

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Acknowledgments

Author acknowledges gratefully for supporting the work presented in this chapter through the research grants DST/WTI/2K13/123 and DST/TM/WTI/WIC/2K17/82 from Department of Science and Technology, Government of India.

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  1. School of Civil Engineering, Vellore Institute of Technology, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, 600127, India

    Sabumon Pothanamkandathil Chacko

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  1. Sabumon Pothanamkandathil Chacko
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Correspondence to Sabumon Pothanamkandathil Chacko .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Biological and Agricultural Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA

    Vijay P. Singh

  2. Department of Civil Engineering, Rabindranath Tagore University, Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh, India

    Shalini Yadav

  3. Faculty of Science, Madhyanchal Professional University, Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh, India

    Krishna Kumar Yadav

  4. Natural Resources Development Centre, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research- Advanced Materials & Processes Research Institute (CSIR–AMPR),, Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh, India

    Ram Narayan Yadava

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Chacko, S.P. (2022). Emerging Biotechnological Processes in Controlling Nitrogen Pollution to Minimize Eutrophication of Surface Waters in Asia. In: Singh, V.P., Yadav, S., Yadav, K.K., Yadava, R.N. (eds) Environmental Degradation: Challenges and Strategies for Mitigation. Water Science and Technology Library, vol 104. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-95542-7_6

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