Abstract
The Rangit catchment is nestled within the active tectonic region of the Eastern Himalayas in the mountainous state of Sikkim, India. The role of tectonics in this catchment is visibly indicated by the presence of fluvial systems under the erosional regime and associated geomorphic features, along with frequent seismic activities. The streams in the Rangit Basin and their associated catchments were extracted from the ortho-corrected ALOS PALSAR DEM. To assess the tectonic response in the fluvial systems, several indices such as the asymmetric factor, hypsometric integral, elongation ratio, stream gradient index and valley width-height ratio have been calculated for all 16 sub-catchments along with the trunk-stream of the Rangit River. Besides, morphometric indices such as relief ratio, relative relief, planform curvature, dissection index, ruggedness number and stream power index have been evaluated for these drainage units. These attributes have been collated and further analysed by the multi-criteria Entropy Method. Finally, the Index of Active Tectonics (IAT) values for individual sub-catchments were mapped to determine the intra-basin variation of relative tectonic activity in the Rangit Basin. Before performing the analysis, the parameters were checked for redundancy by the Variance Inflation Factor-induced multicollinearity diagnostics. It can be summarized that the concerned region has extremely rugged topography and characterised by high relative relief, steep gradient and highly dissected segments. Furthermore, it is observed that the left bank tributaries display a higher degree of tectonic control than the right bank tributaries. The Main Central Thrust (MCT), which is located between the Greater Himalayas and the Lesser Himalayas, roughly divides the catchment into right and left bank tributaries. The notable difference in tectonic activity across two flanks of the MCT suggests that the MCT is active during the Holocene.
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Roy, L., Sengupta, S., Das, S., Sarkar, A. (2022). Evaluating the Relative Tectonic Response of the Fluvial Systems Using Multicriteria Entropy Method: A Case Study of the Rangit Catchment, Eastern Himalayas, India. In: Bhattacharya, H.N., Bhattacharya, S., Das, B.C., Islam, A. (eds) Himalayan Neotectonics and Channel Evolution. Society of Earth Scientists Series. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-95435-2_12
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