Skip to main content

Abstract

A notable feature of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2), is the high emergence of pulmonary and extrapulmonary thrombosis observed in patients with severe disease. The incidence of venous thromboembolism (VTE) varies between 6 and 86% depending on the investigations performed, follow-up time documented, and thromboprophylactic regimens used; the prevalence ranges between 15 and 40%. These are important numbers, especially compared with the prevalence of VTE associated with non-COVID-19 diseases (5–30%) [1]. Thus, VTE is an important consideration in the management of patients hospitalized with COVID-19 [2].

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 89.00
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 119.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

References

  1. Waite AAC, Hamilton DO, Pizzi R, Ageno W, Welters ID. Hypercoagulopathy in severe COVID-19: implications for acute care. Thromb Haemost. 2020;120:1654–67.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  2. Spyropoulos AC, Levy JH, Ageno W, Connors JM, Hunt BJ, Iba T, et al. Scientific and Standardization Committee Communication: clinical guidance on the diagnosis, prevention, and treatment of venous thromboembolism in hospitalized patients with COVID-19. J Thromb Haemost. 2020;18:1859–65.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  3. Rahi MS, Jindal V, Reyes SP, Gunasekaran K, Gupta R, Jaiyesimi I. Hematologic disorders associated with COVID-19: a review. Ann Hematol. 2021;100:309–20.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  4. Robba C, Battaglini D, Ball L, Valbusa A, Porto I, Della Bona R, et al. Coagulative disorders in critically ill COVID-19 patients with acute distress respiratory syndrome: a critical review. J Clin Med. 2021;10:140.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  5. Kwaan HC. The central role of fibrinolytic response in trauma-induced coagulopathy: a hematologist’s perspective. Semin Thromb Hemost. 2020;46:116–24.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  6. Mazilu L, Katsiki N, Nikolouzakis TK, Aslanidis MI, Lazopoulos G, Kouretas D, et al. Thrombosis and haemostasis challenges in COVID-19—therapeutic perspectives of heparin and tissue-type plasminogen activator and potential toxicological reactions—a mini review. Food Chem Toxicol. 2021;148:111974.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  7. Tang N, Li D, Wang X, Sun Z. Abnormal coagulation parameters are associated with poor prognosis in patients with novel coronavirus pneumonia. J Thromb Haemost. 2020;18:844–7.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  8. Salabei JK, Fishman TJ, Asnake ZT, Ali A, Iyer UG. COVID-19 coagulopathy: current knowledge and guidelines on anticoagulation. Heart Lung. 2021;50:357–60.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  9. Biembengut ÍV, de Souza TACB. Coagulation modifiers targeting SARS-CoV-2 main protease Mpro for COVID-19 treatment: an in silico approach. Mem Inst Oswaldo Cruz. 2020;115:e200179.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  10. Page EM, Ariëns RAS. Mechanisms of thrombosis and cardiovascular complications in COVID-19. Thromb Res. 2021;200:1–8.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  11. Zanza C, Racca F, Longhitano Y, Piccioni A, Franceschi F, Artico M, et al. Risk management and treatment of coagulation disorders related to COVID-19 infection. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2021;18:1268.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  12. Lachant DJ, Lachant NA, Kouides P, Rappaport S, Prasad P, White RJ. Chronic therapeutic anticoagulation is associated with decreased thrombotic complications in SARS-CoV-2 infection. J Thromb Haemost. 2020;18:2640–5.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2022 The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG

About this chapter

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this chapter

Felix, N.S., Castro Faria Neto, H.C., Cruz, F.F. (2022). Coagulation and Haemostasis. In: Battaglini, D., Pelosi, P. (eds) COVID-19 Critical and Intensive Care Medicine Essentials. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-94992-1_25

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-94992-1_25

  • Published:

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Cham

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-030-94991-4

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-030-94992-1

  • eBook Packages: MedicineMedicine (R0)

Publish with us

Policies and ethics