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Exercise: Thermodynamic and Bioenergetic Principles

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Exercise Metabolism

Part of the book series: Physiology in Health and Disease ((PIHD))

Abstract

The ATP energy charge needed to generate and sustain life is derived from the degradation of organic substrates with higher free energy to products with lower free energy. This difference in free energy is most efficiently harnessed by the mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) system, which uses the complete oxidation of products to drive a series of thermodynamically based energy transformation steps to maximize the synthesis of ATP energy charge. Physical activity can dramatically increase the rate at which this ATP free energy charge is dissipated and therefore must be met by an equivalent increase in ATP production rate to sustain the activity. OXPHOS efficiency is obviously important to physical performance. As presented in this review, the efficiency of the OXPHOS system can be influenced by many factors that either optimize or at least partially decouple one or more energy transformation steps. Although much remains to be learned regarding how such processes are regulated, it is clear that modulating OXPHOS efficiency can have profound implications for exercise performance as well as overall health.

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  1. “Jens Frey Halling” and “Anders Gudiksen” are co-first authors. “Henriette Pilegaard” and “P. Darrell Neufer” are co-corresponding authors.

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Section for Cell Biology and Physiology, Department of Biology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark

    Jens Frey Halling, Anders Gudiksen & Henriette Pilegaard

  2. East Carolina Diabetes & Obesity Institute, Departments of Physiology, Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, and Kinesiology, East Carolina University, North Carolina, USA

    P. Darrell Neufer

Authors
  1. Jens Frey Halling
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  2. Anders Gudiksen
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  3. Henriette Pilegaard
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  4. P. Darrell Neufer
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Corresponding authors

Correspondence to Henriette Pilegaard or P. Darrell Neufer .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Victoria University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia

    Glenn McConell

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Halling, J.F., Gudiksen, A., Pilegaard, H., Neufer, P.D. (2022). Exercise: Thermodynamic and Bioenergetic Principles. In: McConell, G. (eds) Exercise Metabolism. Physiology in Health and Disease. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-94305-9_3

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