Skip to main content

Abstract

Frozen or idiomatic expressions play a very important role in natural language processing, they are very important in focusing the meaning and expressing it clearly and precisely, away from the ambiguity’s problem. They also enrich the language with enormous possibilities to express different meanings. Thus, the interest of linguistics in the study of the meaning is no longer limited to the vocabulary, but rather to the frozen expressions. The Arabic language is very rich in frozen expressions. We can find them dispersed in Arabic books, such as the Quran, the linguistic heritage’s and literary’s books, the books of proverbs, etc., which has led some researchers to collect, classify and explain them. Indeed, several classifications have been proposed according to the needs of each linguist. Our aim is to create, for the modern Arabic language, lexicon-grammar tables of fixed and continuous frozen expressions such as “مسك الختام” (misku al-khitam; Save the best for last). For that, we start by collecting and studying these expressions (about 800 frozen expressions). Then, we classified them into two classes and create their lexicon-grammar tables that will be implemented in NooJ by generating their NooJ dictionaries.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 64.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 84.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

References

  1. Kourtin, A., Amzali, A., Mourchid, M., Mouloudi, A., Mbarki, S.: The automatic generation of NooJ dictionaries from lexicon-grammar tables. In: Fehri, H., Mesfar, S., Silberz-tein, M. (eds.) Formalizing Natural Languages with NooJ 2019 and Its Natural Language Processing Applications. NooJ 2019. CCIS, vol. 1153, pp. 65–76. Springer, Cham (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-38833-1_6

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  2. Silberztein, M.: La formalisation des langues, l’approche de NooJ. ISTE Editions, London (2015)

    Google Scholar 

  3. Gross, M.: Les phrases figées en français. L’Inform. Grammat. 59, 36–41 (1993)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  4. Baptista, J.: Compositional vs. frozen sequences. J. Appl. Linguist. Spec. Issue Lexicon-Grammar 81–92 (2004)

    Google Scholar 

  5. Baptista, J., Correia, A., Fernandes, G.: Frozen sentences of Portuguese: formal descriptions for NLP. In: Proceedings of the Workshop on Multiword Expressions: Integrating Processing, pp. 72–79 (2004)

    Google Scholar 

  6. Alqahtni Hijab, M.: The structure and context of idiomatic expressions in the Saudi press. Ph.D. thesis, University of Leeds (2014)

    Google Scholar 

  7. Boulaalam A.: التعابير المسكوكة والترجمة :دراسة معجمية دلالية. Ph.D. thesis, Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdellah University, Fez, Morocco (2017)

    Google Scholar 

  8. Yaiche, S.: Figement et prédication en arabe et en français: études linguistiques et psycholinguistiques. Ph.D. thesis, Sfax and Paris 8 universities (2014)

    Google Scholar 

  9. Minko-Mi-Nseme, S.A.: Modélisation des expressions figées en arabe en vue de la constitution d’une base de données lexicale. Ph.D. thesis, Lyon 2 (2003)

    Google Scholar 

  10. Ali, M.S.: La traduction des expressions figées : langue et culture. Traduire Rev. Française Traduction 235, 103–123 (2016)

    Google Scholar 

  11. Abdelmaksoud, M.: Les expressions idiomatiques dans le Coran et leur traduction française: Étude analytique contrastive de l’arabe vers le français dans trois interprétations françaises du sens du Coran. Ph.D. thesis, Mansoura University, Egypte (2018)

    Google Scholar 

  12. Gross, M.: Méthodes en syntaxe: Régimes des constructions complétives. Hermann, Paris (1975)

    Google Scholar 

  13. Gross, M.: La construction de dictionnaires électroniques. Ann. Télécommun. 44(1–2), 4–19 (1989)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  14. Gross, M.: Une grammaire locale de l’expression des sentiments. Lang. Française Armand Colin 105(1), 70–87 (1995)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  15. Gross, G.: Les expressions figées en français: noms composés et autres locutions. Editions Ophrys (1996)

    Google Scholar 

  16. Dubois, J.: Lexis: Larousse de la langue française (2002)

    Google Scholar 

  17. Google Scholar 

  18. Silberztein, M.: Complex Annotations with NooJ. In: Proceedings of the 2007 International NooJ Conference, Jun 2007, p. 214. Cambridge Scholars Publishing, Barcelone (2008)

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2021 Springer Nature Switzerland AG

About this paper

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this paper

Kourtin, A., Amzali, A., Mourchid, M., Mouloudi, A., Mbarki, S. (2021). Lexicon-Grammar Tables for Modern Arabic Frozen Expressions. In: Bigey, M., Richeton, A., Silberztein, M., Thomas, I. (eds) Formalizing Natural Languages: Applications to Natural Language Processing and Digital Humanities. NooJ 2021. Communications in Computer and Information Science, vol 1520. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-92861-2_3

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-92861-2_3

  • Published:

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Cham

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-030-92860-5

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-030-92861-2

  • eBook Packages: Computer ScienceComputer Science (R0)

Publish with us

Policies and ethics