Abstract
This chapter covers more advanced topics of the special theory of relativity: motion in two dimensions, spacetime vectors, momentum and energy, and accelerated motion.
Measurements of distances and times do not directly reveal properties of the things measured, but relations of the things to the measurer. What observation can tell us about the physical world is therefore more abstract than we have hitherto believed.
B. Russell, ABC of Relativity.
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Notes
- 1.
It should be clear that if the event E 0 lies on the x axis, it must lie on the x′ axis as well.
- 2.
Translation quoted from The Concept of Mass, Lev B. Okun, Physics Today, June 1989.
- 3.
E. Taylor, A. Wheeler Spacetime Physics, Freeman and Company, 2nd ed., p. 246.
- 4.
We can also call it proper energy.
- 5.
From the soundtrack of the 1948 film, Atomic Physics. See also Einstein Explains the Equivalence of Energy and Matter at https://history.aip.org/exhibits/einstein/voice1.htm.
- 6.
CMB is an electromagnetic radiation present everywhere in the observable universe. Its spectrum is very broad, resembling the electromagnetic radiation of a very cold body, with the temperature of − 270.4∘ Celsius.
- 7.
Refer to the Appendix A.2 for the meaning and use of δ notation.
References
Russell, B. (1977). ABC of Relativity (4th ed.) London: Allen and Unwin.
Okun, L. B. (1989). The Concept of Mass. Physics Today, 42(6), 31–36.
Taylor, E., & Wheeler, A. (1992). Spacetime Physics (2nd ed., p. 78). New York: Freeman and Company.
Einstein Explains the Equivalence of Energy and Matter. https://history.aip.org/exhibits/einstein/voice1.htm.
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Deshko, Y. (2022). Special Relativity C. In: Special Relativity. Undergraduate Lecture Notes in Physics. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-91142-3_7
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