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Pediatric Diagnostic Labs for Primary Care: An Evidence-based Approach pp 365–411Cite as

Care of the Child with a Renal Problem

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Abstract

This chapter will review common tests ordered to evaluate urological or renal dysfunction. A urinalysis is the first step in evaluating a child with a possible UTI. The methods of doing a urine culture and evaluating the results are key to early identification and treatment. To evaluate the child with hematuria and/or proteinuria requires a basic knowledge of common tests. Disorders of the kidneys can lead to various symptoms such as failure to thrive, fatigue, poor sleep, urinary incontinence, failure to toilet train, edema, or headache. The clinician must understand how to evaluate the metabolic profile and interpret various related tests such as vitamin D and glomerular filtration rate.

Keywords

  • Urinalysis
  • Urinary tract infection
  • Dipstick
  • Proteinuria
  • Hematuria
  • Renal tubular acidosis
  • Total CO2
  • Anion gap
  • Nephrotic syndrome
  • Albumin
  • Glomerular filtration rate
  • Schwartz formula
  • Vitamin D
  • Hyperlipidemia
  • Hypokalemia
  • Hyperkalemia
  • Hypocalcemia
  • Hypercalcemia

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  • DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-90642-9_10
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  1. Columbia University School of Nursing, New York, NY, USA

    Deanna Schneider & Clare Cardo McKegney

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  1. Deanna Schneider
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    Rita Marie John

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Schneider, D., McKegney, C.C. (2022). Care of the Child with a Renal Problem. In: John, R.M. (eds) Pediatric Diagnostic Labs for Primary Care: An Evidence-based Approach. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-90642-9_10

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