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Delineation of Frequently Flooded Areas Using Remote Sensing: A Case Study in Part of Indo-Gangetic Basin

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Geospatial Technologies for Land and Water Resources Management

Part of the book series: Water Science and Technology Library ((WSTL,volume 103))

Abstract

Remote sensing is a useful tool for flood monitoring and damage assessment. Unlike traditional survey methods, it provides cost-effective solution with wider coverage and frequent revisit cycle. In general, coarser sensors provide high repetitivity with lower spatial resolution, whereas constellation of finer spatial resolution sensors can be useful in continuous flood monitoring. Different methods and techniques are used for delineating the flood extent and damage assessment based on the type of sensors. Hence, it is necessary to carry out a detailed and in-depth review of remote sensing technologies and approaches available for processing and analysing satellite data for flood response studies. In the present study, automated procedures were used for generation of flood layers and flood persistence maps at Gram panchayat level in the part of Indo-Gangetic plains, Uttar Pradesh. Further, attempt was made to plan the measures that can be useful in relief operations based on the detailed analysis of persistence maps. Methods based on thresholding were improvised by applying unsupervised classification and online Geo-processing platform of Google Earth Engine. Historical flood events for the period 2010–2020 were generated over part of Indo-Gangetic basin and integrated with administrative layers for identifying the villages vulnerable to floods. Accuracy of flood maps were improved by applying the conditioning factors to remove misclassification of flood extents. Particularly, villages located in Ghazipur, Allahabad, Ballia, Gorakhpur, Bahraich and Balrampur districts of UP state indicated high Flood Vulnerability Index (FVI) values. FVI computed at village level using the historical flood events can be of great help for identifying and planning relief shelter locations in the study area. Remote sensing and GIS technologies were successfully envisaged in the identification and planning of relief shelters for the most vulnerable villages.

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Acknowledgements

We wish to express a deep sense of gratitude and sincere thanks to the Disaster Management Support Group (DMSG), Bhuvan Web Services Group and NRSC for providing satellite data and resources to conduct this study.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Regional Remote Sensing Center—North, National Remote Sensing Center, New Delhi, 110049, India

    Vinod K. Sharma & V. M. Chowdary

  2. Center for Disaster Management, Jamia Millia Islamia University, New Delhi, 110025, India

    Rohit K. Azad

  3. National Remote Sensing Center, Hyderabad, 500037, India

    C. S. Jha

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  1. Vinod K. Sharma
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  2. Rohit K. Azad
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  3. V. M. Chowdary
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  4. C. S. Jha
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to Vinod K. Sharma .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Water Resources Development and Management, Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee, Roorkee, Uttarakhand, India

    Ashish Pandey

  2. Department of Agriculture, Cooperation and Farmers Welfare, Ministry of Agriculture and Farmers Welfare, Government of India, Mahalanobis National Crop Forecast Centre (MNCFC), Delhi, India

    V. M. Chowdary

  3. Centre for Oceans, Rivers, Atmosphere and Land Sciences (CORAL), Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur, West Bengal, India

    Mukunda Dev Behera

  4. Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA

    V. P. Singh

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Sharma, V.K., Azad, R.K., Chowdary, V.M., Jha, C.S. (2022). Delineation of Frequently Flooded Areas Using Remote Sensing: A Case Study in Part of Indo-Gangetic Basin. In: Pandey, A., Chowdary, V.M., Behera, M.D., Singh, V.P. (eds) Geospatial Technologies for Land and Water Resources Management. Water Science and Technology Library, vol 103. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-90479-1_27

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