Abstract
The chapter is devoted to the peculiarities of the Altai region’ development by Cossacks in the 18th–early 20th centuries. Cossacks formed the skeleton of the Altai Russian settlement, laid the foundations for the further advancement of the Russians deep into this territory and reserving it for the Russian Empire. The Cossack population of the Altai, settling in the new territories, actively interacted with the local Altai peoples and the Kazakhs and was also an essential agency in Russia's relations with state entities. The chapter reveals the features of the appearance of the first defensive settlements and fortresses. Cossacks carried out the defense of the local Altai population and Russian immigrants from the raids of the Dzungars and Kazakhs, which contributed to the stability in this territory. This made it possible to build copper plants and carry out further resettlement of Russian peasants to the Altai. Attention is paid to the duties of Cossacks as a military estate, their living conditions. The changes occurring within Kolyvan-Kuznetsk defensive line, which consisted of Cossack settlements, are revealed. The Cossacks’ economy structure is characterized, and distinctions from a peasant economy are revealed. Attention is paid to the way Cossacks used the land and were engaged in livestock breeding.
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Dunets, A.N., Isaev, V.V., Dirin, D.A. (2022). The Cossacks’ Role in the Russian Development of the Altai in the 18th–Early 20th Centuries. In: Bocharnikov, V.N., Steblyanskaya, A.N. (eds) Humans in the Siberian Landscapes. Springer Geography. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-90061-8_7
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