Vehicle Payload Monitoring System

Abstract

In the present day, the dashboard of most vehicles consists of a speedometer, a temperature indicator, a pressure indicator, and fuel gauges. No provision has been provided for indicating load on the vehicle. The load of the vehicle is measured in the specific weight range. This chapter presents the hardware implementation of sensing of the load on the vehicle and displaying on the LCD wherein the deflection of leaf spring is used to measure the load. The load will get displayed on the display module which will be integrated in the driver cabinet. Automatically calculating or estimating the total payload delivered to the vehicle by the excavator’s work tool is one way to measure the total weight of the material loaded into a truck. This approach of measuring the load on the vehicle has proved to be effective in solving many issues related to drivers, vehicle owners, and government along with providing various safety measures. The hardware developed in this chapter will help in keeping track of the total weight of each payload.

Appendix

Arduino UNO board datasheet [9]:

• ATmega328 microcontroller

• The operating voltage is 5 volts

• Input voltage: 7–12V (recommended)

• 6–20V input voltage (limits)

• 14 Digital I/O pins (of which 6 provide PWM output)

• Pins for Analog Input 6

• 16 MHz clock speed

• V_in: The Arduino board’s input voltage when utilizing an external power source. If this pin is provided through a power socket, it can deliver voltage or access voltage

• 5V: The board regulator provides a regulated 5V pin. The DC Power Jack, USB, or Vin pin can deliver the power supply to the board (7–12V). The 5V or 3.3V voltage pins provide the controller to bypass which might destroy your board.

• 3.3V: The on-board control device produces a supply of 3.3 volts. The maximum drawing current is 50 billion

• GND: Ground pins

• Input and output

  • 0 (Rx) and 1 (Tx) in serial TxTTL receives serial data (Rx) and transmits them (Tx) by this device. These pins are connected to the equivalent pins of the ATmega328 USB to TTL chip. External interruptions are two and three. These pins may be set to interrupt with a low value, a rising or decreasing lip, or a change in value. An 8-bit PWM output is detected via analog write () .

  • 10 (SS), 11 (MOSI), 12 (MISO), 13 (SPI) (SCK): To connect to these pins, the SPI library is utilized. 13 of LEDs in an integrated LED are connected by a cable to the digital pin 13. The LED is activated when the pin is upward, and the pin is downward.

• JSN SR04T Sensor

• 1. Product features:

The JSN-SR04T ultrasonic distance measuring module offers noncontact distance monitoring with a precision of up to 3mm from 25 to 450 cm. The kit includes an ultrasonic transmitter, receiver, and control unit. It functions similarly to JAN's HC-SR04 module.

• 2. Basic working principle:

• The IO port TRIG, which emits a high-level signal for at least 10 seconds, triggers the ranging.

• The module generates eight square waves at a frequency of 40 kHz and detects whether a signal is received or not.

• When a pulse is returned, the IO port ECHO outputs a high-level signal.

• 3. Pin assignmen:

Using VCC for a 5V supply. GND is the ground cable. TRIG is the trigger activation signal feedback. The echo signal’s output is known as ECHO.

• 4. Electrical parameters:

• Working voltage: DC 5 Volt [10]

• Working current: 40 mA

• Acoustic emission frequency: 40 KHz

• Longest distance: 4.5 m

• Shortest distance: 25 cm

• Measuring angle: 30 degrees

• Input trigger signal: 10⎧S TTL pulse

• Output echo signal: output TTL signal, proportional to range

• Size: 41*29 mm

• Probe lead length: 2.5 m [1]

• 5. Ultrasonic timing diagram

The above sequence diagram (Fig. 7.A-1) demonstrates that all you need is a pulse trigger signal that lasts longer than 10 seconds, and the module can send out eight 40 kHz cycles and sense the echo. When an echo signal is observed, an echo output signal is received. The pulse diameter of the echo signal is the same as the measured wavelength. The time differential between the transmitted and received signals can be used to calculate the distance.

Fig. 7.A-1

Ultrasonic timing diagram