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Oxidative Stress in Men with Obesity, Metabolic Syndrome and Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: Mechanisms and Management of Reproductive Dysfunction

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Oxidative Stress and Toxicity in Reproductive Biology and Medicine

Part of the book series: Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology ((AEMB,volume 1358))

Abstract

Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are critical physiological mediators of cellular function, including male fertility. When ROS exceed antioxidant regulation, oxidative stress occurs which is detrimental to cellular function. Oxidative stress has been found to be a central mediator of obesity, metabolic syndrome (MetS) and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), as well as with male infertility. Human studies have correlated testicular oxidative stress in obese males, and animal studies have further provided insight into potential mechanisms of action. Management of oxidative stress is not well defined. Appropriate nutrition and exercise can be recommended for all diabetic patients, and weight loss for obese patients with MetS and T2DM. Consideration of dietary supplements including micronutrients, antioxidants or medicinal herbs are recommended. Metformin may also offer benefits on testicular oxidative stress and fertility parameters. Significantly more research on causation, mechanisms, clinical assessments and appropriate management of infertility on obesity, MetS and T2DM is still required.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. School of Natural Medicine, University of the Western Cape, Bellville, Cape Town, South Africa

    Kristian Leisegang

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Correspondence to Kristian Leisegang .

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  1. Department of Bioproducts and Biosystems, School of Chemical Engineering, Aalto University, Espoo, Finland

    Kavindra Kumar Kesari

  2. Department of Life Science and Bioinformatics, Assam University, Silchar, India

    Shubhadeep Roychoudhury

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Leisegang, K. (2022). Oxidative Stress in Men with Obesity, Metabolic Syndrome and Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: Mechanisms and Management of Reproductive Dysfunction. In: Kesari, K.K., Roychoudhury, S. (eds) Oxidative Stress and Toxicity in Reproductive Biology and Medicine. Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology, vol 1358. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-89340-8_11

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