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The Paris System for Reporting Urinary Cytology pp 7–19Cite as

Adequacy of Urine Specimens (Adequacy)

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Abstract

Adequacy is a source of disagreement and controversy in cytopathology, and urinary tract specimens are no exception. For the purposes of this chapter, the term “adequacy” for urinary tract specimens is used to refer to the usefulness of the specimen to diagnose or raise suspicion for high-grade urothelial carcinoma (HGUC). As such, adequacy of urinary tract specimens for the diagnosis of HGUC is determined by the interplay of four specimen characteristics: collection type, cellularity, volume, and cytomorphological findings. In this chapter, we provide an algorithm for how these variables should be used to arrive at a systematic adequacy determination, review the available literature, provide recommendations for voided urinary sample volume, and build the framework for future investigations into the adequacy of urinary specimens.

Background

In the reporting of cytologic samples, a statement of adequacy provides the clinician and pathologist confidence that the specimen is representative of the target site or lesion. Defining adequacy is controversial in all areas of cytopathology, and urinary tract cytology is no exception. For the purposes of this chapter, the term “adequacy” for urine specimens is used to refer to the usefulness of the specimen to diagnose or raise the suspicion for high-grade urothelial carcinoma (HGUC). The adequacy of urine specimens for the diagnosis of urothelial carcinoma is determined by the interplay of four specimen characteristics: collection type, cellularity, volume, and cytomorphological findings. The Paris System for Reporting Urinary Cytology (TPS) provides an algorithm for how these variables should be used to arrive at a systematic adequacy determination and to provide a framework for further investigations into the adequacy of urinary cytology specimens.

Keywords

  • Adequacy
  • Urine cytology
  • Genitourinary disease
  • Bladder cancer
  • Urothelial carcinoma
  • The Paris System (TPS)

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Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Pathology, University of California, San Francisco (UCSF), San Francisco, CA, USA

    Z. Laura Tabatabai

  2. Department of Pathology, Loyola University Healthcare System, Maywood, IL, USA

    Güliz A. Barkan

  3. Department of Cytology and Pathology, Toulouse University Hospital, Toulouse, France

    Monique Courtade-Saïdi

  4. Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Wisconsin State Laboratory of Hygiene, Madison, WI, USA

    Daniel F. I. Kurtycz

  5. Roche Tissue Diagnostics, Tucson, AZ, USA

    Matthew T. Olson

  6. Department of Pathology, Aichi Medical University Hospital, Nagakute, Aichi, Japan

    Toyonori Tsuzuki

  7. Department of Pathology/Cytopathology, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA

    Christopher J. VandenBussche

  8. Department of Pathology, University of California, San Francisco (UCSF), San Francisco, CA, USA

    Poonam Vohra

Authors
  1. Z. Laura Tabatabai
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  2. Güliz A. Barkan
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  3. Monique Courtade-Saïdi
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  4. Daniel F. I. Kurtycz
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  5. Matthew T. Olson
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  6. Toyonori Tsuzuki
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  7. Christopher J. VandenBussche
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  8. Poonam Vohra
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to Z. Laura Tabatabai .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Pathology, Loyola University Medical Center, Maywood, IL, USA

    MD Eva M. Wojcik

  2. Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Wisconsin State Laboratory of Hygiene, Madison, WI, USA

    MD Daniel F.I. Kurtycz

  3. Department of Pathology/Cytopathology, The Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA

    MD Dorothy L. Rosenthal

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Tabatabai, Z.L. et al. (2022). Adequacy of Urine Specimens (Adequacy). In: Wojcik, E.M., Kurtycz, D.F., Rosenthal, D.L. (eds) The Paris System for Reporting Urinary Cytology. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-88686-8_2

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-88686-8_2

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