Abstract
Evidence is growing that even “simple” amino acids have important controlling functions. Gly is critical in the osmoregulation of fishes and shellfishes and improves growth in many farmed animals. Whether immunity can also be strengthened deserves future studies. There is rare indication that also Ala can improve growth of aquatic animals. Recently it was shown that Asp injection improves pathogen resistance. If dietary Asp is similarly successful, is open to studies. Dietary Glu and Gln improve growth, intestinal development, innate and adaptive immune responses, skeletal muscle development, ammonia removal, and the endocrine status. Evidence is increasing that Glu has, in concert with probiotics, a biomolecular regulatory potential.
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Steinberg, C.E.W. (2022). Simple Amino Acids: Gly, Ala, Asp, Gln—‘Pure Easy Fuel?’. In: Aquatic Animal Nutrition. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-87227-4_6
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-87227-4_6
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