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RETRACTED CHAPTER: Assessment of Pond Water Quality and Its Impact on Local Livelihood in the Indian Sundarbans

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Pond Ecosystems of the Indian Sundarbans

Part of the book series: Water Science and Technology Library ((WSTL,volume 112))

Abstract

The present study is an attempt to comprehend the seasonal variation of several water quality parameters and assess the surface water quality in the Indian part of Sundarbans. 39 inhabited Mouzas (smaller administrative blocks) from six ocean confronting Blocks (Sagar, Namkhana, Patharpratima, Kultali, Basanti, and Gosaba) of South 24 Parganas District and southwestern part of Sundarbans have been chosen for the current study. Water quality analysis has been carried out by measuring eight parameters such as pH, Salinity, Total Dissolved Solids (TDS), Electrical Conductivity (EC), Dissolved Oxygen (DO), Temperature, Total Hardness, and Turbidity. Several statistical analyses have been performed to extract meaningful inferences. Mann–Whitney Test has been conducted to find out Pre and Post Monsoon variations in selected water quality parameters. Wilcoxon’s Signed Rank Test has been employed to identify the intra-Block variation and Mann Whitney (pairwise) Test and Kruskal Wallis Test have been carried out to examine the Block wise and inter-Block-wise variation of each water quality parameter. A correlation matrix following Pearson’s correlation has been done to analyze the interrelations among water quality parameters and their level of significance. Primary household surveys (611 households in Six Blocks) have been conducted to develop a comprehensive understanding of water-related risks faced by the coastal habitat and communities. The result of the study indicates a grave situation of water quality and security consequent upon persistent climatic hazards, embankment breaching, coastal flooding, and salinization. The findings of the study seem crucial in framing future adaptation policies related to surface water in the estuarine ecosystem to safeguard the vulnerable communities in the current juncture of climate change.

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Change history

  • 29 April 2022

    The chapter: “Assessment of Pond Water Quality and Its Impact on Local Livelihood in the Indian Sundarbans”, has been retracted due to substantial overlap with unpublished work that was submitted to and not accepted by one of the Springer Nature journals.

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Acknowledgements

The author acknowledges all the local inhabitants of Indian Sundarbans who collected several water samples and sent to the laboratory. The author is also grateful to all the people who helped acquiring information on the functioning of these ponds.

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  1. School of Oceanographic Studies, Jadavpur University, Kolkata, India

    Sourav Das

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  1. Sourav Das
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Editors and Affiliations

  1. School of Oceanographic Studies, Jadavpur University, Kolkata, West Bengal, India

    Sourav Das

  2. School of Oceanographic Studies, Jadavpur University, Kolkata, West Bengal, India

    Abhra Chanda

  3. School of Oceanographic Studies, Jadavpur University, Kolkata, West Bengal, India

    Tuhin Ghosh

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Das, S. (2022). RETRACTED CHAPTER: Assessment of Pond Water Quality and Its Impact on Local Livelihood in the Indian Sundarbans. In: Das, S., Chanda, A., Ghosh, T. (eds) Pond Ecosystems of the Indian Sundarbans. Water Science and Technology Library, vol 112. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-86786-7_3

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