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Durability

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Mix-Design and Application of Hydraulic Grouts for Masonry Strengthening

Part of the book series: Springer Tracts in Civil Engineering ((SPRTRCIENG))

Abstract

This Chapter is related to durability issues. Physical effects are considered first, referring to the consequences of water introduced in masonry by the grouting (freezing and dissolution of soluble phases). Subsequently, chemical effects are considered, such as sulphate reactions, alkali-silica reactions, possible chlorides’ attack and leaching. The chapter ends with a brief presentation of literature results of durability tests, and with a guide for the selection of binders vs durability.

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Notes

  1. 1.

    Ettringite is a hexacalcium aluminate trisulfate hydrate formed by the reaction of calcium aluminate with calcium sulfate (gypsum).

  2. 2.

    Thaumasite is composed of calcium silicate, carbonate, sulfate and water, and can be formed directly through the reaction of calcium silicate hydrate (C–S–H) with calcite in the presence of moisture and unbound sulfate ions, and indirectly by the reaction of ettringite with C–S–H and carbonates/bicarbonates.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. School of Architecture, National Technical University of Athens, Athens, Greece

    Androniki Miltiadou-Fezans

  2. School of Civil Engineering, National Technical University of Athens, Athens, Greece

    Theodosios P. Tassios

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  1. Androniki Miltiadou-Fezans
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  2. Theodosios P. Tassios
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Correspondence to Androniki Miltiadou-Fezans .

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Miltiadou-Fezans, A., Tassios, T.P. (2022). Durability. In: Mix-Design and Application of Hydraulic Grouts for Masonry Strengthening. Springer Tracts in Civil Engineering . Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-85965-7_7

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-85965-7_7

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