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Bacillus Species of Ruminant Origin as a Major Potential Sources of Diverse Lipolytic Enzymes for Industrial and Therapeutic Applications

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Bacilli in Agrobiotechnology

Abstract

Lipases are biocatalysts that catalyze a wide range of reactions such as the hydrolysis of triglycerides or lipids and esterification of fatty acids in a nonaqueous medium. This versatility renders lipases to be potential biocatalysts for the food, detergent, paper and pulp, leather and textile industries, biodiesel production, and therapeutic applications. Lipases are naturally sourced from either plants, animals, or microorganisms. Microbial lipases are quite stable, selective, substrate-specific, and, thus, classified as one of the most extensively used industrial enzymes. The rumen is a four-chamber stomach of the ruminant animal representing the fermentation-vat where microorganisms, Bacillus species, work in a symbiotic relationship with the host to digest complex ingested feed. The ruminant microbiome is a relatively less exploited yet potentially rich source of biocatalysts of industrial, environmental, and therapeutic importance. However, no or minimal comprehensive review has been reported on biocatalysts of ruminant origin. Therefore, this review presents an in-depth analysis of biocatalysts of rumen microbiome with particular emphasis on Bacillus spp. of ruminant origin as an untapped source of diverse lipase-isoforms with potential industrial and therapeutic applications.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. OMICS Research Group, Department of Biotechnology, Vaal University of Technology, Vanderbijlpark, South Africa

    Grace Mujinga Mukendi, Alfred Mitema & Naser Aliye Feto

  2. J. Craig Venter Institute (JCVI), Rockville, MD, USA

    Karen Nelson

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  1. Grace Mujinga Mukendi
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  2. Alfred Mitema
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  3. Karen Nelson
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  4. Naser Aliye Feto
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Correspondence to Naser Aliye Feto .

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  1. Institute of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering (IBGE), Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University, Gazipur, Bangladesh

    M. Tofazzal Islam

  2. WVU Extension Service, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV, USA

    Mahfuz Rahman

  3. Department of Microbiology, Assam University, Silchar, Assam, India

    Piyush Pandey

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Mukendi, G.M., Mitema, A., Nelson, K., Feto, N.A. (2022). Bacillus Species of Ruminant Origin as a Major Potential Sources of Diverse Lipolytic Enzymes for Industrial and Therapeutic Applications. In: Islam, M.T., Rahman, M., Pandey, P. (eds) Bacilli in Agrobiotechnology. Bacilli in Climate Resilient Agriculture and Bioprospecting. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-85465-2_12

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