Abstract
This chapter outlines the main lessons we have learned from the use of digital tools to foster different modes of interaction and motivation in live sessions for EFL undergraduate students in a teacher training /translation university programme in Argentina in times of ERT. Due to lockdown constraints related to the Covid-19 pandemic, the course was taught through a virtual classroom and optional weekly online sessions for about 100 students. The main challenge of these online meetings was to create a motivating learning experience and promote language learning and interaction among participants who barely knew one another. Previous online learning research has shown that meaningful interaction of modes can improve learning outcomes (Moore M, Anderson W, Handbook of distance education. Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, 2003; Keaton W, Gilbert A, J Online Learn Res 6:129–154, 2020). To foster teacher-student-content interaction in the live sessions, we combined various online resources such as Educaplay, Genial.ly and Quizziz and we applied Ryan and Deci’s (Am Psychologist 55(1):68–78, 2000; Self-determination theory: basic psychological needs in motivativation, development and wellness. The Guilford Press, 2017) self-determination theory in online education and Dörnyei and Csizér’s (Language Teach Res 2:203-229, 1998) strategies for motivating language learners to foster students’ motivation. This chapter presents some of the online activities that we designed and used in our live sessions together with their gains, challenges and students’ feedback. It also presents possible forms of implementation in future diverse learning environments.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
References
Bernard, R., Abrami, P., Borokhovski, E., Wade, A., Tamim, R. M., Surkes, M., & Clement Bethel, E. (2009). A meta-analysis of three types of interaction treatments in distance education. Review of Educational Research, 79(3), 1,243–1,289.
Bovermann, K., & Bastiaens, T. (2020). Towards a motivational design? Connecting gamification user types and online learning activities. RPTEL, 15, 1. https://doi.org/10.1186/s41039-019-0121-4
Cucinotta, G. (2019). Teachers’ perception of motivational c classroom: An empirical study on Italian FL and L2 teachers. Educazione Linguistica Language Education, 7(3), 447–472. https://10.30687/ELLE/2280-6792/2018/03/006
Deci, E. L., & Ryan, R. M. (1985). Intrinsic motivation and self-determination in human behavior. Plenum Press.
Domagk, S., Schwartz, R. N., & Plass, J. L. (2010). Interactivity in multimedia learning: An integrated model. Computers in Human Behavior, 26(5), 1024–1033. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chb.2010.03.003
Dornyei, Z. (2001). Motivational strategies in the language classroom. Cambridge University Press. https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9780511667343
Dörnyei, Z., & Csizér, K. (1998). Ten commandments for motivating language learners: Results of an empirical study. Language Teaching Research, 2(3), 203–229.
Dornyei, Z., & Otto, I. (1998). Motivation in action: A process model of L2 motivation. Working Papers in Applied Linguistics, 4, 43–69.
Dudeney, G., & Hockly, N. (2012). ICT in ELT: How did we get there and where are we going? ELT Journal, 66(4), 533–542.
Educaplay [Educational Software]. (2020). https://www.educaplay.com/
Genial.ly. [Educational Software]. (2020). https://www.genial.ly/
Guigon, G., Humeau, J., & Vermeulen, M. (2018). A model to design learning escape games: SEGAM. Proceedings of the 10th international conference on computer supported education, Portugal. https://doi.org/10.5220/0006665501910197.
Hartnett, M. (2016). Motivation in online education. Springer.
Hockly, N. (2013). Digital technologies in low-resource ELT contexts. ELT Journal, 68(1), 79–84.
Hodges, C. Moore, S. Lockee, B. Trust, T. & Bond, A. (2020). The difference between remote teaching and online learning. EDUCAUSE Review.https://er.educause.edu/articles/2020/3/the-difference-between-emergency-remote-teaching-and-online-learning
Jonassen, D. H., Grabinger, R. S., & Wilson, B. G. (1988). Structuring knowledge for expert system solutions: Defining and limiting the problem domain. Performance + Instruction, 27(9), 24–28. https://doi.org/10.1002/pfi.4170270912
Keaton, W., & Gilbert, A. (2020). Successful online learning: What does learner interaction with peers, instructors and parents look like? Journal of Online Learning Research, 6, 129–154.
Lamb, M., Czizér, K., Henry, A., & Ryan, S. (Eds.). (2019). The Palgrave handbook of motivation for language learning. Palgrave Macmillan.
Langer, E. J. (1989). Mindfulness. Addison-Wesley.
Langer, E. J. (1997). The power of mindful learning. Addison Wesley.
Moore, M. (1989). Three types of interaction. American Journal of Distance Education, 3(2), 1–6.
Moore, M., & Anderson, W. (2003). Handbook of distance education. Lawrence Erlbaum Associates.
Moore, M., & Kearsley, G. (1996). Distance education: A systems view. Wadsworth.
Muñoz, R., Ramirez, M., & Gaviria, S. (2020). Strategies to enhance or maintain motivation in learning a foreign language. Profile: Issues in Teachers’ Professional Development, 22(1), 175–188. https://doi.org/10.15446/profile.v22n1.73733
Oskoz, A., & Smith, B. (2020). Unprecedented times. CALICO Journal, 37(2).
Peachey, N. (2017). Digital tools for teachers.PeacheyPublications.com.
Pellegrino, J. W., & Hilton, M. (Eds.). (2012). Education for life and work: Developing transferable knowledge and skills in the 21st century. National Academies Press.
Quizizz. (2019). What is Quizizz. Help Center. https://support.quizizz.com/hc/en-us/articles/203610052-What-is-Quizizz-
Rayan, A. (2016). One on one: Interview with Nicky Hockly. The Journal of English Language Teaching (India), 58(6), 31–36.
Ryan, R. M., & Deci, E. L. (2000). Self-determination theory and the facilitation of intrinsicmotivation, social development, and well-being. American Psychologist, 55(1), 68–78. https://doi.org/10.1037/0003-066X.55.1.68
Ryan, R. M., & Deci, E. L. (2017). Self-determination theory: Basic psychological needs in motivativation, development and wellness. The Guilford Press.
Sims, R. (1997). Interactivity: A forgotten art? Computers in Human Behavior, 13(2), 157–180.
Thatch, E., & Murphy, K. (1995). Competencies for distance education professionals. Educational Technology Research and Development, 43(1), 57–79.
White, C. (2003). Language learning in distance education. Cambridge University Press.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2021 The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Cad, A.C., Spataro, C.A., Carrera, P.A. (2021). Fostering Interaction and Motivation in EFL Live Virtual Classes at University. In: Chen, J. (eds) Emergency Remote Teaching and Beyond. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-84067-9_12
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-84067-9_12
Published:
Publisher Name: Springer, Cham
Print ISBN: 978-3-030-84066-2
Online ISBN: 978-3-030-84067-9
eBook Packages: EducationEducation (R0)