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Baccharis Terpenoid Compounds

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Baccharis

Abstract

Baccharis is an important genus of the Asteraceae family comprising more than 440 species, which are used in folk medicine for displaying important biological activities, such as analgesic, anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, insect antifeedant, and antiparasitic, among others. There are several classes of metabolites produced by Baccharis, from which terpenoid stands out. The main volatile terpenes found in forty Baccharis species are reported in this chapter, pointing out B. dracunculifolia, the botanical source of green propolis, that contains (E)-nerolidol and spathulenol as major compounds, among others, giving the characteristic smell of green propolis. The combination of gas chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry is a powerful tool for the analyses of essential oils combined with the use of the Kovats index to determine the retention indexes using a homologous series of aliphatic hydrocarbons. Regarding diterpenes in Baccharis species, three main carbon skeleton types, kaurane, labdane, and neo-clerodane, have been reported. Many of these diterpenes display antimicrobial, antiparasitic, anti-inflammatory, analgesic, and cytotoxic activities, but the feeding-deterrent potential against insects displayed by neo-clerodane type-diterpenes stands out. In the final part, it is mentioned the triterpene and steroids, which are also found in this genus, and play important role in the reported biological activities of Baccharis species, as well as the occurrence of baccharinoids, a particular type of macrocyclic trichothecenes, which are associated with cattle poisoning in South America fed with B. megapotamica, but also display antiviral, anticancer, antimalarial, and antifungal activities.

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Acknowledgments

Authors are thankful to São Paulo Research Foundation – FAPESP (process number 2017/04138-8), CNPq (processes numbers 306441/2017-9 and 306432/2017-0), and CAPES for funds and grants.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências, Universidade de Franca, Franca, São Paulo, Brazil

    Sérgio Ricardo Ambrósio, Mário Ferreira Conceição Santos, Larissa Costa Oliveira, Ana Lúcia Bassi & Rodrigo Cassio Sola Veneziani

  2. Departamento de Ciências Farmacêuticas, Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil

    Jairo Kenupp Bastos

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  1. Sérgio Ricardo Ambrósio
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  2. Mário Ferreira Conceição Santos
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  3. Larissa Costa Oliveira
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  4. Ana Lúcia Bassi
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  5. Jairo Kenupp Bastos
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  6. Rodrigo Cassio Sola Veneziani
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Correspondence to Sérgio Ricardo Ambrósio .

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  1. Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil

    Geraldo Wilson Fernandes

  2. Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil

    Yumi Oki

  3. Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil

    Milton Barbosa

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Ambrósio, S.R., Santos, M.F.C., Oliveira, L.C., Bassi, A.L., Bastos, J.K., Veneziani, R.C.S. (2021). Baccharis Terpenoid Compounds. In: Fernandes, G.W., Oki, Y., Barbosa, M. (eds) Baccharis. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-83511-8_13

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