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Racially Stigmatized Populations, Necropolitics, and Mental Health in Rural Contexts

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Psychology and Rural Contexts

Abstract

The quilombola communities are a tension and struggle point in constant reordering. Historically, they have been neglected by the State in their constitutional rights to land ownership, as well as health and education. Located primarily in the rural lands of the country, they are affected by the issues related to low socioeconomic development and poverty, as well as racism in different ways. The negative reverberations in this scenario to the subjective process, the mortality profile, and alcohol addictions are clear. When it comes to mental health, the extent of problems associated with the use of alcohol and common mental health issues has been neglected. In this sense, it is intended to discuss the rise of these problems in the everyday life of rural quilombola community, to point the problems in their psychosocial suffering and its wider place in the biopolitical and necropolitical project taking place currently which has race as a key element.

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Notes

  1. 1.

    Crenshaw (2002, p. 177) conceives intersectionality as “a conceptualization of the problem that seeks to capture the structural and dynamic consequences of the interaction between two or more axes of subordination.”

  2. 2.

    Biopolitics, according to Foucault (2008), is a concept that refers to the government and the regulation of populations as a State policy. Through techniques, knowledge, and institutions, that is, devices and technologies of power (biopower), control over populations is exercised.

  3. 3.

    Model presented by Viana et al. (2015) about the health regionalization process in Brazil.

  4. 4.

    Both have been the subject of several investigations carried out since 2015 by the Research Group – Subjectivity Modes, Public Policies and Vulnerability Contexts – linked to the UFRN Graduate Program in Psychology and by the Research and Intervention Center in Critical Psychology and Political Subjectivity (Nupolis) in the Graduate Program in Psychology at UFDPar.

  5. 5.

    Application of the Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test (AUDIT).

  6. 6.

    Use of the Self-ReportingQuestionnaire 20 (SRQ-20).

  7. 7.

    According to the model presented by Viana et al. (2015) of the evaluation of the health regionalization process in Brazil, the 5570 municipalities were grouped in the 438 existing health regions in the country, taking into account socioeconomic development, the offer, and the complexity of health services in each regional context. Thus, 5 groups were established: G1, low socioeconomic development and low supply of services, with 175 regions, 2151 municipalities, and 22.5% of the Brazilian population, located predominantly in the Northeast; G2, medium/high socioeconomic development and low supply of services, with 47 regions, 482 municipalities, and 5.7% of the population, mostly located in the Midwest, Southeast, and North regions; G3, medium socioeconomic development and medium/high offer of services, with 129 regions, 1891 municipalities, and 20.3% of the population, located predominantly in the Southeast and South regions; G4, high socioeconomic development and average service offer, with 27 regions, 300 municipalities, and 10.6% of the population, located mostly in the Southeast region; and G5, high socioeconomic development and high offer of services, with 60 regions, 746 municipalities, and 40.9% of the population, located predominantly in the Southeast and South regions.

  8. 8.

    Available at https://cidades.ibge.gov.br/, retrieved on April 5, 2021.

  9. 9.

    Available at https://cidades.ibge.gov.br/brasil/pi/esperantina/panorama, recovered on April 5, 2021.

  10. 10.

    Available at http://www2.datasus.gov.br/DATASUS/index.php?area=02, retrieved on April 5, 2021.

  11. 11.

    Available at http://www2.datasus.gov.br/DATASUS/index.php?area=02, retrieved on April 5, 2021.

  12. 12.

    Research carried out on mental health and psychosocial support in quilombola communities in northeastern Brazil and financed with resources from CNPq.

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Dimenstein, M., Macedo, J.P., Leite, J.F., Dantas, C., Belarmino, V.H., Silva, B.Í.d.d. (2021). Racially Stigmatized Populations, Necropolitics, and Mental Health in Rural Contexts. In: Leite, J.F., Dimenstein, M., Dantas, C., Macedo, J.P. (eds) Psychology and Rural Contexts. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-82996-4_4

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