Abstract
Egypt has a central position in Africa and the Middle East and is at the heart of the Arab world. Despite the long years of development in the Western countries, the current situation of CBT in Egypt remains a work in progress. The following chapter discusses the evolution, development, and current status of psychotherapy in general and cognitive behavior therapy (CBT) specifically in Egypt. Beginning with the development of clinical psychology in Egypt, the theoretical orientation of contemporary psychotherapy in the country, its status in the health-care system, its training and research opportunities, and its current and future challenges will be reviewed. The formation and activities of the only official Egyptian organization, the Egyptian Association of CBT (EACBT), is also elaborated with a special emphasis on its training activities and accreditation process of CBT throughout the country. Finally, future expectations and provisional plans for implementing CBT in Egypt are presented.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
References
Abdelfattah, H., Abdelazeim, F., Osama, K., & Elgammal, R. (2010). Influence of cognitive training in improving attention in attention/ deficit hyperactivity disorder. Thesis (M.Sc.), Faculty of Physical Therapy, University of Cairo, Egypt.
Abdelhalim, N., Hafez, A., & Shehata, M. (2016). The effectiveness of cognitive therapy program in reducing depression among cancer patients: Clinical study. Thesis (MSc) Faculty of Arts, University of Ain-Shams, Egypt.
Abdelhamid, A., Howe, A., & Reading, R. (2009). Prevalence of emotional and behavioural problems among 6-12 year old children in Egypt. Social Psychiatry and Psychiatric Epidemiology, 44, 8.
Abdel-Fattah, H (1999). Cognitive research & development. Research in Social & Psychological Science. 26(1), 205–219. [In Arabic].
Abdelrahman, A., Aboughazala, S., & Kafafy, A. (2017). The counseling program by using cognitive behavioral therapy skills to improve the psychological adjustment impact in students who use psychoactive substances. Thesis (PhD), Faculty of Education, University of Cairo, Egypt.
Abdelsamie, M., Metwaly, M., Mohamed, R., & Elbaih, K. (2017). The effectiveness of Cognitive Behavioral Therapy in reducing addicts Resistance to Treatment. Thesis (PhD.), Faculty of Social Service, University of Assuit, Egypt.
Abou-Hatab, F. A. (1997). The march of psychology in the Arab world and its horizons of development. Egyptian Journal of Psychological Studies, 6, 9–56. [In Arabic].
Ahmed, R.A. (2002). Psychology in the Arab world: Present status and future estimations. Paper presented at the meeting of the International Conference on Social Sciences, Kuwait University, Kuwait City, Kuwait. [In Arabic]
Ahmed, R.A. (2004). Psychology in Egypt. Psychology resources around the world (from Wedding, D., & Stevens, M. J. (Eds). (2009). Psychology: IUPsyS Global Resource (Edition 2009)
Ahmed, S., & Amer, M. (2013). Counseling Muslims: Handbook of mental health issue and interventions. Routledge.
Ahmed, S., Refaee, N., Fadaa, H., & Elsayed, N. (2008). Effectiveness of cognitive behavioural therapy in alleviating compulsive neurosis symptoms among students with learning disabilities. Thesis (PhD), Faculty of Education, University of Benha, Egypt.
AIMS Report on Mental Health System in Egypt. (2006). World health organization and ministry of health, Cairo, Egypt.
Aly, R., Ghanem, M., Mansour, M., & Fekry, M. (2010). Thesis (PhD), Faculty of Medicine, University of Ain-Shams, Egypt.
Amer, M., & Jalal, B. (2012): Individual psychotherapy/counseling: Psychodynamic, cognitive-behavioral, and humanistic-experiential models. Counseling Muslims: Handbook of mental health issues and interventions, 87–117.
Central Agency for Public Mobilization and Statistics (CAPMS). (2018). http://www.capmas.gov.eg/
Court of Cassation. (2017). http://www.cc.gov.eg/Garida.aspx.
Egyptian Association of Cognitive Behaviour Therapy. (2017). http://eacbt.info/
Egyptian Association of Psychotherapists. (2017). http://egpsychotherapists.com/
Egyptian Knowledge Bank. (2018). www.ekb.eg/.
Egyptian Medical Syndicate. (2018). http://www.ems.org.eg/
Egyptian Universities libraries Consortium. (2018). http://srv2.eulc.edu.eg
Elagha I, Abdelkhalek, S., & Mohamed H. (2016). The efficacy of cognitive behavioral therapy for developing empathy as an approach for reducing agitation behavior: A study on secondary school students. Faculty of Arts, University of Ain-Shams, Egypt.
Elareishy, A., Mansour, H., & Elsayed, T. (2017). Effectiveness of a cognitive behavioral therapy program to alleviating the depressive feelings for children with diabetes mellitus. Faculty of Social Service, University of Helwan, Egypt.
Eldok, A., Elsabowa N., & Ismaeil A. (2011). Cognitive-Behavioral therapy for sample of social phobic patients. Thesis (Ph.D.). Faculty of Art , University of Tanta, Egypt.
Elgahsh, E & Mohsen, M. (2016). The effect of cognitive behavioral therapy on quality of sleep pattern among elderly people with insomnia. Thesis (PhD), Faculty of Nursing. University of Menoufya, Egypt.
Elgamil, R., Moussa, S., Wasfi, M., & Goueli, T. (2010). Role of cognitive behavioral therapy in coping with craving in relapse prevention of addiction. Thesis (M.Sc.), Faculty of Medicine, University of Cairo, Egypt.
Elgenadi, E., Abd-elhalim, Z., Hamdy, E., & Sabry, N. (2014). behavior therapy program for anger management among adult criminal offenders. Thesis, Faculty of Nursing, University of Cairo, Egypt.
Elmoktry, H., Aly, S., & Goeas, A. (2005). The effectiveness of cognitive behavioral program therapy to treatment youth University Anxiety. Thesis (PhD), Faculty of Education, University of Assuit, Egypt.
Elshakry , O. (2017). The Arabic Freud, Psychoanalysis and Islam in Modern Egypt. Princeton university press. https://press.princeton.edu/titles/11183.html
Falah, I.A., Elmahalawy, N., Zaki, N., & Sultan, M. (2011). Systematic review of egyptian studies on management of psychiatric disorders. Thesis (MSc) Faculty of Medicine, University of Ain-Shams.
Fouad, H., Elsafy E, Abu-Hendy, W. & Abouhashim, H. (2012). Depression in chronic hepatitis c patients and role of cognitive behavioral therapy in its treatment. Thesis (PhD), Faculty of Medicine, University of Zagazig, Egypt.
Gendy, M., Abdo, T., Awaad M., & El Missiry, M. (2016). the role of cognitive behavioral therapy in the management of psychiatric disorders in adolescents. Thesis (M.Sc.), Faculty of Medicine, University of Ain-Shams, Egypt.
Ghanem, M., Gadallah, M., Meky, F. A., Mourad, S., & El-Kholy, G. (2009). National Survey of Prevalence of Mental Disorders in Egypt: preliminary survey. Eastern Mediterranean Health Journal, 15(1).
Girges, S. (1967). From pharaohs to the nuclear age: The story of mental health in Egypt. Cairo: Ministry of Cultural Affairs. [In Arabic].
Haikal, A., Khater, M., El-Naggar, E., & Salama, H. (2008). Cognitive approach to childhood and adolescence depression: diagnostic and therapeutic aspects. Thesis (PhD), Faculty of Medicine, University of Mansoura, Egypt.
Hamdi, E., Gawad, T., Khoweiled, A., Sidrak, A. E., Amer, D., Mamdouh, R., Fathi, H., & Loza, N. (2013). Lifetime prevalence of alcohol and substance use in Egypt: a community survey. Subst Abus, 34(2), 97–104.
Hany, A., Elotaik A., & Bahary M. (2006). Efficacy of program for CBT & environment modification to improve the relapsed addicts. Thesis (PhD), Institute of Research, University of Ain-Shams, Egypt.
Hegazy, M., Eldesouky, A. & Ebrahim M. (2016). The effectiveness of cognitive behavioral program in lowering severity of anxiety in a sample of adolescents with substance use disorder. Thesis (PhD) Institute of Childhood research, University of Ain-Shams, Egypt.
Heissam, K. & Sobhy, A. (2003). Comparative study between sulpiride and cognitive therapy in management of irritable bowel syndrome in Fanara Family Center. Thesis (PhD) Faculty of Medicine, University of Canal-Suez, Egypt.
Helal, H., & Dewedar, A. (2016). The effectiveness of cognitive behavioral therapy program proposed to decrease the impulsivity on a sample of adult addict comorbid with ADHD. Thesis (M.Sc.) Faculty of Arts, University of Alexandria, Egypt.
Hendy, G., Sherbet, A., & Kheder, E. (2017). The effectiveness of a program based on some techniques of cognitive behavior play therapy in reducing the severity of aggression for ADHD children. Thesis (MSc), Faculty of Education, University of Alexandria, Egypt.
Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation. Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study (2010). http://www.healthmetricsandevaluation.org Egypt.
Ismaeil, A., Elsabwa, M., & Elnabegha, F. (2016). Cognitive behavioral therapeutic program for improvement panic attack with agoraphobia symptoms. Thesis (PhD), Faculty of Arts, University of Menya, Egypt.
Mahmoud, D., Abdel-Hay, M.A., Essa, M., Badawy, A., & Abdel-Kareem, A. (2015). Efficacy of cognitive behavioral therapy in obsessive compulsive disorder patients. Thesis (M.S), Faculty of Medicine, University of Tanta, Egypt.
Markus, H. R., & Kitayama, S. (1991). Culture and the self: Implications for cognition, emotion, and motivation. Psychological review, 98(2), 224–253.
Mekawy, L., & Abou-zaid, M. (2012). Efficacy of Cognitive Behavioral Group Psychotherapy Program (SC-CBT) in a sample of Sexual offenders Voyeurism. Thesis (MSc), Faculty of Arts, University of Alexandria, Egypt.
Meleika, L. K. (1997). Clinical psychology: Part 1. Evaluation of abilities. Cairo: V. Kerelos Press. [In Arabic].
Mental Health Atlas country profile. (2014). World Health Organization Global Health Estimates; http://www.who.int/healthinfo/global_burden_disease/en/
Ministry of Health and Population. (2018)
Mohamed, A., Gabal, A., & Abdelaal, S. (2017). The Practice of rational emotional therapy in social case work to alleviate the severity of social anxiety for patients of Hepatitis. Thesis (PhD), Faculty of Social Service, University of Assuit, Egypt.
Morsy, S., Desouky, R., & Elhebawy, M. (2015). Efficacy Of cognitive behavioral Program to relieve oppositional defiant disorder in children. Thesis (MSc), Faculty of Arts, University of Benha, Egypt.
National Council for Mental health. (2019).
Okasha, A. (2004). Focus on psychiatry in Egypt. The British Journal of Psychiatry, 185(3), 266–272.
Padesky, C. (1994). Schema change processes in cognitive therapy. Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy, 1, 267–278.
Rathod, S., Kingdon, K., Phiri, P., & Gobbi, M. (2010). Developing Culturally Sensitive Cognitive Behaviour Therapy for Psychosis for Ethnic Minority Patients by Exploration and Incorporation of Service Users’ and Health Professionals’ Views and Opinions. Behavioural and Cognitive Psychotherapy, 38, 511–533.
Salama, R., Ghannoum, M., & Hosni N. (2011). Cognitive behavioural therapy in treatment of tinnitus and hyperacusis. Thesis (MSc), Faculty of Medicine Department of E.N.T, University of Cairo, Egypt.
Salama, M., Ibrahim, A, & Abdelhady, S. (2017). Behavior Therapy Program for communication skills for Autistic Children. Thesis (PhD) Faculty of Arts, University of Ain-Shams, Egypt.
Soliman, A.S., & Ibrahim, H. (1998). The qualification of psychological counselors and the 21st century’s challenges: Reality and the future estimations. Paper presented at the International Conference on Psychological Counseling, Cairo, Egypt. [In Arabic]
Soliman, N., Abdelmegeed H., & Elmedany A. (2011). The effectiveness of cognitive behavioral therapy program in alleviating the severity of obsessive compulsive disorder for male university students. Thesis (MSc), Faculty of Social Service. University of Helwan, Egypt.
Soueif, M (1988). Conversation with Mustapha Soueif. British Journal of Addiction. 18, 131–139.
Soueif, M. I., & Ahmed, R. A. (2001). Psychology in the Arab World: Past, Present, and Future. International Journal of Group Tensions, 30, 211.
Supreme Council of Universities. (2017). http://portal.scu.eun.eg/.
Taha, F. A., Kandeel, S. A., Mohammed, H. A., & Abdel-Fattah, M. K. (2003). Encyclopedia of psychology and psychoanalysis (2nd ed.). Cairo: Gharib Press.
Taha, M., Abd-El-Hameed, M. A., Hassan, M. A., Kamal, A. M., & Mahfouz, R. (2010). Power of love and love of power in group psychotherapy. Group Analysis, 43, 155–169.
Yossef, R., Fikry, F., Oueda, M., & Abo, N. M. (2011). The Effect of Cognitive Behavioral Therapy on Behaviors Of juvenile Delinquents Resident in Correctional Institutions in Alexandria. Egypt: Thesis (PhD), Faculty of Nursing, Alexandria University.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2022 The Author(s)
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Aly, R., Ramy, H. (2022). Cognitive Behavioral Therapy in Egypt. In: Terjesen, M.D., Doyle, K.A. (eds) Cognitive Behavioral Therapy in a Global Context. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-82555-3_12
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-82555-3_12
Published:
Publisher Name: Springer, Cham
Print ISBN: 978-3-030-82554-6
Online ISBN: 978-3-030-82555-3
eBook Packages: Behavioral Science and PsychologyBehavioral Science and Psychology (R0)