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Traumatic Brain Injury and Chronic Traumatic Encephalopathy

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Hybrid PET/MR Neuroimaging

Abstract

Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a significant problem of public health, with potentially devastating consequences for the patients and their families and represents a substantial burden to healthcare and economic systems. Sometimes defined as “the most complex disease of the most complex organ,” TBI effects result mostly from traumatic injury to the neurons, triggering a sophisticated chain of molecular and metabolic neuronal changes, known as the neurometabolic cascade. Understanding the mechanisms of injury and the neurometabolic alterations that follow is essential to understand the structural, functional, and molecular neuroimaging findings. This chapter aims to provide an overview of physical and chemical mechanisms of neuronal injury, clinical features, and multimodal neuroimaging findings in acute and chronic phases of TBI and discuss chronic traumatic encephalopathy, a neurodegenerative disease related to repetitive TBI. Finally, we present some future perspectives in the field and discuss the role of PET/MR hybrid imaging and how it can improve patient care and clinical research.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance in Neuroradiology (LIM 44), Institute of Radiology, Hospital das Clínicas, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo (HC-FMUSP), São Paulo, SP, Brazil

    Mateus Rozalem Aranha & Claudia da Costa Leite

  2. Laboratory of Nuclear Medicine (LIM 43), Center of Nuclear Medicine, Institute of Radiology, Hospital das Clínicas, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo (HC-FMUSP), São Paulo, SP, Brazil

    Mateus Rozalem Aranha, Artur Martins Coutinho & Carlos Alberto Buchpiguel

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  3. Claudia da Costa Leite
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  4. Carlos Alberto Buchpiguel
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Correspondence to Carlos Alberto Buchpiguel .

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  1. Donald and Barbara Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra/Northwell, The Feinstein Institutes for Medical Research, Manhasset, NY, USA

    Ana M. Franceschi

  2. Stony Brook University Hospital, Stony Brook, NY, USA

    Dinko Franceschi

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Aranha, M.R., Coutinho, A.M., da Costa Leite, C., Buchpiguel, C.A. (2022). Traumatic Brain Injury and Chronic Traumatic Encephalopathy. In: Franceschi, A.M., Franceschi, D. (eds) Hybrid PET/MR Neuroimaging. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-82367-2_40

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-82367-2_40

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  • Online ISBN: 978-3-030-82367-2

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