Abstract
For over a century, psychobiography has focused on the eminent individual who has achieved historical or social recognition. Ignoring the character strengths of the ‘ordinary’ individual who has reached a significant and noteworthy personal milestone is a disservice to psychology and those who might benefit from its research. Some experts claim that embracing a psychobiographic focus on the ordinary individual would pervert the process, some open the door for innovation, and others have, unwittingly, provided templates. The psychological benefits seem apparent when consideration of the character strengths and virtues of the ordinary extraordinary supplement psychobiographic research. Their motivations are no less extraordinary or worthy of consideration than those of the accomplished individual who has achieved historical or social recognition; each complement psychological research both generally and topically.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
References
Abse, L. (1989). Margaret, daughter of Beatrice: Politician’s psycho-biography of Margaret Thatcher. Jonathan Cape.
al Taher, R. (2020). The Classification of Character Strengths and Virtues. Positive Psychology. Retrieved from The Classification of Character Strengths and Virtues (positivepsychology.com).
Alexander, I. E. (1988). Personality, psychological assessment, and psychobiography. Journal of Personality, 56(1), 265–294.
Anderson, J. W., & Dunlop, W. L. (2019). Executing psychobiography. In C.-H. Mayer & Z. Kőváry (Eds.), New trends in psychobiography (pp. 11–44). Springer Nature Switzerland. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-916953-4_9
Anderson, R. D. (1999). Inside the mind of Joseph Smith: Psychobiography and the book of Mormon. Signature Books.
APA. (2013). Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders (5th ed.). American Psychiatric Publishing.
Atwood, G. E., & Stolorow, R. D. (1993). Faces in a crowd: Intersubjectivity in personality theory. Jason Aronson.
Bandura, A. (1985). Social foundations of thought and action: A social cognitive theory. Prentice Hal.
Benson, E. (2003). The many faces of perfectionism. Monitor, 34(10), 18. https://www.apa.org/monitor/nov03/manyfaces
Bond, A. H. (2000). Who killed Virginia Woolf?: A psychobiography. Human Sciences Press.
Braver, T. S., Krug, M. K., Chiew, K. S., Kool, W., Clement, N. J., Adcock, A., Barch, D. M., Botvinick, M. M., Carver, C. S., Cols, R., Custers, R., Dickinson, A. R., Dweck, C. S., Fishbach, A., Gollwitzer, P. M., Hess, T. M., Isaacowitz, D. M., Mather, M., Murayama, K., … Somerville, L. H. (2014). Mechanisms of motivation-cognition interaction: Challenges and opportunities. Cognitive, Affective, & Behavioral Neuroscience, 14, 443–472.
Brink, A. (1989). Bertrand Russell, a psychobiography of a moralist. Humanities Press International.
Burnell, B., Nel, C., Fouché, J. P., & van Niekerk, R. (2019). Suitability indicators in the study of exemplary lives: Guidelines for the selection of the psychobiographical subject. In C.-H. Mayer & Z. Kőváry (Eds.), New trends in psychobiography (pp. 173–194). Springer Nature Switzerland. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-916953-4_9
Caldwell, J. (1976). Jesus: A psychobiography and medical evaluation. Carlton Press.
Carlson, R. (1988). Exemplary lives: The uses of psychobiography for theory development. Journal of Personality, 56(1), 105–138.
Carruthers, C., & Hood, C. D. (2004). The power of the positive: Leisure and well-being. Therapeutic Recreation Journal; Urbana, 38(2), 225–245.
Chakhssi, F., Kraiss, J. T., Sommers-Spijkerman, M., & Bohlmeijer, E. T. (2018). The effect of positive psychology interventions on well-being and distress in clinical samples with psychiatric or somatic disorders: A systematic review and meta-analysis. BMC Psychiatry, 18(211), 1–17. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12888-018-1739-2
Cilliers, F., & Mayer, C.-H. (2019). Systems psychodynamics in psychobiography: The Individual within the (unconscious) systems’ dynamics. In C.-H. Mayer & Z. Kőváry (Eds.), New trends in psychobiography (pp. 115–132). Springer Nature Switzerland. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-916953-4_9
Clark, L. P. (1933). Lincoln: A psycho-biography. C. Scribner’s Sons.
Cody, J. (1971). After great pain. The inner life of Emily Dickinson. Belknap Press.
du Plessis, C. (2017). The method of psychobiography: Presenting a step-wise approach. Qualitative Research in Psychobiography, 14(2), 216–237. https://doi.org/10.1080/14780887.2017.1284290
du Plessis, C., & Stones, C. R. (2019). The use of unusual psychological theories in psychobiography: A case study and discussions. In C.-H. Mayer & Z. Kőváry (Eds.), New trends in psychobiography (pp. 209–230). Springer Nature Switzerland. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-916953-4_9
Erickson, B. J. (2003). A Psychobiography of Richard Price: Co-founder of Esalen Institute. Fielding Graduate Institute.
Erikson, E. H. (1993). Gandhi’s truth: On the origins of Militant Nonviolence. W. W. Norton & Company.
Falk, A. (2007). Napoleon against himself: A psychobiography. Pitchstone Publishing.
Falk, A. (2010). The riddle of Barack Obama: A psychobiography. Praeger.
Flett, G. L., & Hewitt, P. L. (2002). Perfectionism. Theory, research and treatment. American Psychological Association.
Freud, S. (1910). Leonardo da Vinci and a memory of his childhood (Eine Kindheitserinnerung des Leonardo da Vinci). The Hogarth Press.
Gable, S. L., & Haidt, J. (2005). What (and why) is positive psychology? Review of General Psychology, 9(2), 103–110. https://doi.org/10.1037/1089-2680.9.2.103
Gallo, M. (1971). Robbespierre the incorruptible a psycho-biography. Herder & Herder.
Gibson, G. D. (2018). Frederick Douglass, a psychobiography: Rethinking subjectivity in the Western experiment of democracy (Black religion/womanist thought/social justice). Palgrave Macmillan.
Goud, N. (2008). Abraham Maslow: A personal statement. Journal of Humanistic Psychology, 48(4), 448–451. https://doi.org/10.1177/0022167808320535
Haggbloom, S. J., Warnick, R., Warnick, J. E., Jones, V. K., Yarbrough, G. L., Russell, T. M., Borecky, C. M., McGahhey, R., Powell, J. L., III, Beavers, B., & Monte, E. (2002). The 100 most eminent psychologists of the 20th century. Review of General Psychology, 6(2), 139–152. https://doi.org/10.1037/1089-2680.6.2.139
Holm-Hadulla, R. M. (2018). Goethe’s path to creativity: A psycho-biography of the eminent politician, scientist and poet. Routledge.
Holowchak, M. A. (2020). Thomas Jefferson: Psychobiography of an American lion. Nova Science Publishers Inc.
Howe, M. J. A. (1997). Beyond psychobiography: Towards more effective syntheses of psychology and biography. British Journal of Psychology, 88(2), 235–248. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.2044-8295.1997.tb02632.x
Kasher, A. (2007). King Herod: A persecuted persecutor: A case study in psychohistory and psychobiography (Studia Judaica 36). Walter de Gruyter.
Kelley, J. L. (2019). “I have to be all things to all people”: Jim Jones, nurture failure, and apocalypticism. In C.-H. Mayer & Z. Kőváry (Eds.), New trends in psychobiography (pp. 363–380). Springer Nature Switzerland. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-916953-4_9
Knight, Z. G. (2019). The case for the psychobiography as a phenomenological-hermeneutic case study: A new phenomenological-hermeneutic method of analysis for life-narrative investigations. In C.-H. Mayer & Z. Kőváry (Eds.), New trends in psychobiography (pp. 132–154). Springer Nature Switzerland. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-916953-4_9
Koulopoulos, T. (2020). 15 personality traits of the most successful people. There’s no single formula for success but these traits are the core DNA of every successful Person. https://www.inc.com/thomas-koulopoulos/15-personality-traits-of-the-most-successful-people.html
Kőváry, Z. (2019). Psychobiography, self-knowledge and “psychology as a rigorous science”: Explorations in epistemology, clinical practice and university education. In C.-H. Mayer & Z. Kőváry (Eds.), New trends in psychobiography (pp. 99–114). Springer Nature Switzerland. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-916953-4_9
Krutch, J. W. (1926). Edgar Allan Poe, a study in genius. Alfred A. Knopf.
Levesque, R. J. R. (2011). Optimal functioning. In R. J. R. Levesque (Ed.), Encyclopedia of adolescence. Springer. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-1695-2
Maslow, A. (1943). A theory of human motivation. Psychological Review, 50(4), 370–396.
Maslow, A. (1954). Motivation and Personality. London: Longman.
Mayer, C.-H. (2017). The life and creative works of Paulo Coelho: A psychobiography from a positive psychology perspective. Springer.
Mayer, C.-H., & May, M. (2019). The positive psychology movement. PP1.0 and PP2.0. In C.-H. Mayer & Z. Kőváry (Eds.), New trends in psychobiography (pp. 155–172). Springer Nature Switzerland. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-916953-4_9
McAdams, D. P. (1988). Biography, narrative, and lives: An introduction. Journal of Personality, 56(I), 1–18.
McAdams, D. P. (2001). The psychology of life stories. Review of General Psychology, 5(2), 100–122. http://www.sesp.northwestern.edu/docs/publications/430816076490a3ddfc3fe1
McCarron, A. (2017). A case for psychobiography in 2017. A holistic approach to studying human persons. Psychology Today. https://www.psychologytoday.com/us/blog/light-come-shining/201701/case-psychobiography-in-2017
Mukund, B., & Singh, T. B. (2015). Positive psychology and mental health. Indian Journal of Positive Psychology, 6(2), 197–202. http://www.iahrw.com/index.php/home/journal_detail/19#list
Mullen, R. F. (2019). Abstractions of intent: How a psychobiography grapples with the fluidity of truth. In C.-H. Mayer & Z. Kőváry (Eds.), New trends in psychobiography (pp. 79–88). Springer Nature Switzerland. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-916953-4_9
Murray, H. (1943). Analysis of the personality of Adolph Hitler / With predictions of his future behavior and suggestions for dealing with him now and after Germany’s surrender. CreateSpace Independent Publishing Platform.
Perkins, R., & Repper, J. (2003). Social inclusion and recovery. Baillière Tindall.
Peterson, C., & Seligman, M. (2004). Character strengths and virtues: A handbook and classification. Oxford University Press.
Polkinghorne, D. (1983). Methodology for the human sciences: Systems of inquiry. State University of New York Press.
Ponterotto, J. G. (2014). The art and craft of psychobiography. In Counseling today: Alexandria. American Counseling Association.
Prenter, T., van Niekerk, R., & Fouché, J. P. (2019). The amazing life of Charlize Theron. In C.-H. Mayer & Z. Kőváry (Eds.), New trends in psychobiography (pp. 463–480). Springer Nature Switzerland. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-916953-4_9
Reitz, A. K., Zimmermann, J., Hutteman, R., Specht, J., & Neyer, F. J. (2014). How peers make a difference: The role of peer groups and peer relationships in personality development. European Journal of Personality. https://doi.org/10.1002/per.1965
Runyan, W. M. (1984). Life histories and psychobiography. Explorations in theory and method. Oxford University Press.
Runyan, W. M. (1988). Progress in psychobiography. Journal of Personality, 56(1), 295–326.
Schrank, B., Brownell, T., Tylee, A., & Slade, M. (2014). Psychology: An approach to supporting recovery in mental illness. East Asian Archives of Psychiatry, 24(3), 95–103.
Schultz, W. T. (2005). Psychobiography. Retrieved June 4, 2020, from http://www. psychobiography.com
Seligman, M. E. P., & Csikszentmihalyi, M. (2000). Positive psychology: An introduction. American Psychologist, 55(1), 5–14. https://doi.org/10.1037/0003-066X.55.1.5
Selva, J. (2020a). Abraham Maslow, his theory & contribution to society. Positivepsychology.com. Retrieved May 10, 2020, from https://positivepsychology.com/abraham-maslow/
Selva, J. (2020b). What is Self-Actualization? A Psychologist’s Definition [+ Examples]. Positivepsychology.com. Retrieved June 6, 2020, from https://positivepsychology.com/self-actualization
Sheldon, K., & King, L. (2001). Why positive psychology is necessary. American Psychologist, 56(3), 216–217. https://doi.org/10.1037/0003-066X.56.3
Sina, A. (2008). Understanding Muhammad: A psychobiography of Allah’s prophet. Felibri.com.
Tucker, R. C. (1973). Stalin as revolutionary, 1879–1929. A study in history and personality. W. W. Norton.
Volkan, V., & Itzkowitz, N. (1986). The immortal Ataturk: A psychobiography. University of Chicago Press.
Volkan, V. D., Itzkowitz, N., & Dod, A. W. (1999). Richard Nixon. A psychobiography. Columbia University Press.
Weissman, S. M. (1990). His Brother’s keeper: Psychobiography of Samuel Taylor Coleridge. International Universities Press, Inc..
Whitbourne, S. K. (2017). What makes the arrogant person so arrogant? Psychology Today. https://www.psychologytoday.com/us/blog/fulfillment-any-age/201705/what-makes-the-arrogant-person-so-arrogant
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2021 The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Mullen, R.F. (2021). Broadening the Parameters of the Psychobiography: The Character Motivations of the ‘Ordinary’ Extraordinary. In: Mayer, CH., Fouché, P.J., Van Niekerk, R. (eds) Psychobiographical Illustrations on Meaning and Identity in Sociocultural Contexts . Sociocultural Psychology of the Lifecourse . Palgrave Macmillan, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-81238-6_13
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-81238-6_13
Published:
Publisher Name: Palgrave Macmillan, Cham
Print ISBN: 978-3-030-81237-9
Online ISBN: 978-3-030-81238-6
eBook Packages: Behavioral Science and PsychologyBehavioral Science and Psychology (R0)