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Viticulture as a Climate Proxy for the Roman World? Global Warming as a Comparative Framework for Interpreting the Ancient Source Material in Italy and the West (ca. 200 BC–200 AD)

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Climate Change and Ancient Societies in Europe and the Near East

Part of the book series: Palgrave Studies in Ancient Economies ((PASTAE))

Abstract

This paper examines the potential of viticulture as a proxy for climate reconstruction in the Roman world. Several studies have successfully used historical grape harvest time series for studying climate evolution in Medieval and Early Modern Western Europe. Unfortunately, such precise and secure documentary data are unavailable for the Roman era, for which all textual information on viticulture is narrative or descriptive in nature, containing at most some numeral titbits. This is a serious obstacle. Nevertheless, we argue that systematically bringing together all documentary evidence with potential climatic value can still be of importance for detecting climatic variations on wider temporal or spatial scales within the Roman world. By using current global warming as a comparative framework for interpreting the ancient source material, we critically evaluate the assembled datasets, and thus evaluate to which extent—if any at all—these data hold promise for informing future climatic reconstructions.

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Notes

  1. 1.

    Pollen data hint at earlier vine-growing in the mid-second century AD (Dôrfler et al. 1998; Gilles 1999; Kühnen 2003; König 2003).

  2. 2.

    Pliny in fact advices vines to be planted further apart in areas full of rain and mist, and closer together in drier areas (HN 17.35.171–173).

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  1. Department of Archaeology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium

    Dimitri Van Limbergen & Wim De Clercq

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  1. Department of History, Faculty of Languages and the Humanities, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Elsene, Belgium

    Paul Erdkamp

  2. Department of History, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA

    Joseph G. Manning

  3. Department of History, Ghent University, Gent, Belgium

    Koenraad Verboven

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Van Limbergen, D., De Clercq, W. (2021). Viticulture as a Climate Proxy for the Roman World? Global Warming as a Comparative Framework for Interpreting the Ancient Source Material in Italy and the West (ca. 200 BC–200 AD). In: Erdkamp, P., Manning, J.G., Verboven, K. (eds) Climate Change and Ancient Societies in Europe and the Near East. Palgrave Studies in Ancient Economies. Palgrave Macmillan, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-81103-7_15

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