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Cell Biology of the Life Cycle of Giardia intestinalis

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Lifecycles of Pathogenic Protists in Humans

Part of the book series: Microbiology Monographs ((MICROMONO,volume 35))

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Abstract

Giardia intestinalis (G. lamblia, G. duodenalis) is the agent of Giardiasis, a disease widely prevalent throughout the world. It has a life cycle involving two developmental stages: trophozoites and cysts. The cycle can be reproduced in vitro in axenic cultures, opening the possibility of further morphological, biochemical, and molecular analysis. In this chapter we review basic aspect of its maintenance and its structural organization, putting together morphological, biochemical and molecular information on structures such as (a) the cell surface, (b) the endoplasmic reticulum and its association with organelles of the endocytic pathway, (c) the mitosome, a mitochondrion-related organelle, (d) the peroxisome, (e) multivesicular bodies involved in the secretion of exosomes, (f) several components of the microtubular cytoskeleton such and the flagella, ventral disc, median body and funis, and (f) the organization of the two nuclei and their behavior during the process of cell division. The protozoan organization during the process of trophozoite-cyst transformation (encystation) and vice-versa (excitation) is also reviewed. Basic aspects of the carbohydrate, lipid, and amino acid metabolism are reviewed, as well as available information on genomic, transcriptomic, and proteomic analysis.

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Acknowledgments

The work in the authors laboratories have been supported by the Brazilian agencies Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico-CNPq, Financiadora de Estudos e Projetos-Finep, and Fundação Carlos Chagas Filho de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado do Rio de Janeiro.

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  1. UNIGRANRIO – Universidade do Grande Rio, Duque de Caxias, Brazil

    Marlene Benchimol

  2. INMETRO – Instituto Nacional de Metrologia, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil

    Ana Paula Rocha Gadelha

  3. UFRJ – Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, CENABIO, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil

    Wanderley de Souza

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  1. Marlene Benchimol
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  1. Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil

    Wanderley de Souza

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Benchimol, M., Gadelha, A.P.R., de Souza, W. (2022). Cell Biology of the Life Cycle of Giardia intestinalis. In: de Souza, W. (eds) Lifecycles of Pathogenic Protists in Humans. Microbiology Monographs, vol 35. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-80682-8_11

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