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Biogeochemical Mechanisms of the Interaction of Living and Inert Matter with the Radioactive and Chemical Components of the Marine Environment

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Theory of Radioisotopic and Chemical Homeostasis of Marine Ecosystems

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Abstract

The structure of biogeochemical mechanisms is considered in terms of the primary abiotic and biotic factors of the interaction of living and inert matter with the radioactive and chemical components of the marine environment. Chemical substances contained in the waters of the world’s oceans are presented in terms of their radioisotopic composition and physico-chemical forms. It is shown that current rates of anthropogenic influx of chemicals and their compounds constitute a significant factor in the depletion of the carrying capacity of waters. On the example of the transport of fission radionuclides from the site of the accident at the Chernobyl nuclear power plant, it is demonstrated that the influence of hydrometeorological factors manifests itself at different spatial and temporal scales—from diurnal and synoptic in time to global in terms of space. Under nonstationary conditions, the impact of waves, currents, convection and diffusion processes for chemicals or their compounds dissolved in (or not differing in specific density from) water is always directed towards a decrease in the distribution gradients of their concentration in the aquatic environment. Between 1986 and 2000, such trends were identified in the vertical distribution profiles of 90Sr and 137Cs in the waters of the western halistatic region of the Black Sea. For stationary conditions, the influence of interactive hydrodynamic mechanisms is determined by the ecological carrying capacity characteristics of the aquatic host medium for radionuclides and their isotopic and non-isotopic carriers.

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Notes

  1. 1.

    Translator's Note. The term “World Ocean” is used in the original Russian to suggest a unified oceanic system.

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Egorov, V. (2021). Biogeochemical Mechanisms of the Interaction of Living and Inert Matter with the Radioactive and Chemical Components of the Marine Environment. In: Theory of Radioisotopic and Chemical Homeostasis of Marine Ecosystems. Springer Oceanography. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-80579-1_2

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