Skip to main content

Abstract

With the increasing number of power projects comprising water treatment plants and substations in Iraq, the analysis and evaluation of electrical resistivity tests of silty clay soil have become important considerations in engineering construction. The field soil electrical resistivity has not been widely studied yet. However, through field tests for five sites in the middle part of Iraq were performed. Therefore, field electrical soil resistivity tests carried out throughout the site at three different locations in two perpendicular directions. The soil electrical resistivity tests of mostly silty clay and sandy silty clay soils were analyzed. The results showed that the variations in the field soil electrical resistivity can be discussed regarding the soil type and the water table at the time of the test as a time-dependent test. The field soil electrical resistivity decreases rapidly with depth due to the higher water content. Also, the sand content has a significant effect in which the field soil electrical resistivity increases with the increase of the sand. As the plotted resistivities against depth indicate there are not distinct layers of different soil which compared well the site investigation borehole logs. Mostly, a good correlation exists between the in situ soil electrical resistivity and depth suggesting that correlations or fitting curve are reliable to be applied in the future to predict the field soil electrical resistivity in the study area. The results of the field soil electrical resistivity tests performed on the soil verify the soundness of the proposed equation to predict field soil electrical resistivity.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 129.00
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 169.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

References

  • ASTM D1452. Standard Practice for Soil Exploration and Sampling by Auger Borings. ASTM International, West Conshohocken, PA (2016)

    Google Scholar 

  • ASTM 1586. Standard Test Method for Standard Penetration Test (SPT) and Split-Barrel Sampling of Soils. ASTM International, West Conshohocken, PA (2018)

    Google Scholar 

  • ASTM D1587. Standard Practice for Thin-Walled Tube Sampling of Fine-Grained Soils for Geotechnical Purposes. ASTM International, West Conshohocken, PA (2015)

    Google Scholar 

  • ASTM D4750. Standard Test Method for Determining Subsurface Liquid Levels in a Borehole or Monitoring Well (Observation Well). ASTM International, West Conshohocken, PA (1989)

    Google Scholar 

  • ASTM G57. Standard Test Method for Field Measurement of Soil Resistivity Using the Wenner Four-Electrode Method. ASTM International, West Conshohocken, PA (2012)

    Google Scholar 

  • ASTM: Soil and rock, building, stores, geotextiles. American Society for Testing and Materials, ASTM International, West Conshohocken, PA, 04.08 (2015)

    Google Scholar 

  • Atkinson, J.: The Mechanics of Soils and Foundations, 2nd edn. CRC Press, London (2007)

    Google Scholar 

  • Bery, A.A., Ismail, N.E.H.: Empirical correlation between electrical resistivity and engineering properties of soils. Soil Mech. Found Eng. 54(6), 425–429 (2018)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Bowles, J.E.: Foundation Analysis and Design, 5th edn. McGraw-Hill, Singapore (1997)

    Google Scholar 

  • BS 7361-1: 1991: Cathodic Protection, Part 1: Code of Practice for Land and Marine Applications (1991)

    Google Scholar 

  • Das, B.M.: Principles of Foundation Engineering, 8th edn. Cengage Learning, India (2016)

    Google Scholar 

  • IEEE Standard 81-1983: IEEE Guide for Measuring Earth Resistivity, Ground Impedance, and Earth Surface Potentials of a Ground System. New York, USA (1983)

    Google Scholar 

  • Gance, J., Malet, J.-P., Supper, R., Sailhac, P., Ottowitz, D., Jochum, B.: Permanent electrical resistivity measurements for monitoring water circulation in clayey landslides. J App Geophy (2016). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jappgeo.2016.01.011

  • Jahanger, Z.K.: Evaluation of the thermal conductivity of middle part of Iraqi soil. Mater. Today: Proc. 42, 2431–2435 (2021)

    Google Scholar 

  • Jahanger, Z.K., Sujatha, J., Antony, S.J.: Local and global granular mechanical characteristics of grain–structure interactions. Indian Geotechn. J. 48(4), 753–767 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/s40098-018-0295-5

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Ozcep, F., Tezel, O., Asci, M.: Correlation between electrical resistivity and soil-water content: Istanbul and Golcuk. Int. J. Phy. Sci. 4(6), 362–365 (2009)

    Google Scholar 

  • Powrie, W.: Soil mechanics: concepts and applications, 3rd edn. CRC Press, London, UK (2014)

    Google Scholar 

  • Samouëlian, A., Cousin, I., Tabbagh, A., Bruand, A., Richard, G.: Electrical resistivity survey in soil science: a review. Soil Tillage Res. 83(2), 173–193 (2005)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Seladji, S., Cosenza, P., Tabbagh, A., Ranger, J., Richard, G.: The effect of compaction on soil electrical resistivity: a laboratory investigation. Eur. J. Soil Sci. 61(6), 1043–1055 (2010)

    Article  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Zuhair Kadhim Jahanger .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2021 The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG

About this paper

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this paper

Jahanger, Z.K., Al-Barazanchi, A.J.N., Ahmed, A.A. (2021). Field Soil Electrical Resistivity Measurements of Some Soil of Iraq. In: Neves, J., Zhu, B., Rahardjo, P. (eds) Advanced Geotechnical and Structural Engineering in the Design and Performance of Sustainable Civil Infrastructures. GeoChina 2021. Sustainable Civil Infrastructures. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-80155-7_8

Download citation

Publish with us

Policies and ethics