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Nuclear Hormone Receptors and Host-Virus Interactions

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Nuclear Receptors

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Abstract

Viruses are a diverse class of obligate parasites that require a host to propagate. Viruses have evolved to exploit host signaling pathways to promote propagation and facilitation of their life cycle. Host-virus interactions are a complex network that can enable the viral life cycle within the host. These interactions also allow for the host’s immune system to overcome the infection. Successful viral infection and the resultant antiviral response are highly dependent on the dynamic molecular interactions between the viral components/factors and the host’s antiviral and cellular signaling pathways. These interactions are also modulated by the cellular microenvironment that can be beneficial or detrimental to the viral life cycle. Recently, increasing evidence has emerged highlighting the role of the nuclear hormone receptor superfamily in facilitating host-virus interactions. The nuclear hormone receptor family is a diverse group of transcription factors that share analogous structure and architectures. They can be activated or repressed depending on the upstream signal. This chapter will focus on the diverse roles that nuclear hormone receptors play in modulating host-virus interactions, as well as highlighting the crosstalk between viruses and specific subtypes of nuclear receptors, namely, peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPARs), liver X receptor (LXRs), and retinoid X receptors (FXRs).

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Acknowledgments

N.A. and N.A. are supported by a NSERC Postgraduate Scholarship-Doctoral (PGS-D). R.F. is supported by NSERC Canada Graduate Scholarship- Doctoral (CGS-D). This work is supported by funding from a Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council (NSERC) grant (298496) and a Canadian Institutes of Health Research (CIHR) grant (136807). Figures in this chapter are created using Biorender.

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  1. Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Sciences, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada

    Nadine Ahmed, Noreen Ahmed, Roxana Filip & John Paul Pezacki

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  1. Nadine Ahmed
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  2. Noreen Ahmed
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Correspondence to John Paul Pezacki .

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  1. School of Pharmacy, University of Missouri-Kansas City, Kansas City, MO, USA

    Mostafa Z. Badr

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Ahmed, N., Ahmed, N., Filip, R., Pezacki, J.P. (2021). Nuclear Hormone Receptors and Host-Virus Interactions. In: Badr, M.Z. (eds) Nuclear Receptors. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-78315-0_13

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