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Canine Endotheliochorial Placenta: Morpho-Functional Aspects

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Placentation in Mammals

Part of the book series: Advances in Anatomy, Embryology and Cell Biology ((ADVSANAT,volume 234))

Abstract

In the domestic dog, placentation arises from central implantation, passing through a transitional, yet important stage of choriovitelline placenta (yolk sac placenta), on the way to the formation of the definite, deciduate, zonary (girdle) allantochorionic endotheliochorial placenta.

Sharing some similarities with other invasive types of placentation, e.g., by revealing decidualization, it is characterized by restricted (shallow) invasion of trophoblast not affecting maternal capillaries and maternal decidual cells. Thus, being structurally and functionally placed between noninvasive epitheliochorial placentation and the more invasive hemochorial type, it presents an interesting and important model for understanding the evolutionarily determined aspects of mammalian placentation. More profound insights into the biological mechanisms underlying the restricted invasion of the fetal trophoblast into maternal uterine structures and the role of decidual cells in that process could provide better understanding of some adverse conditions occurring in humans, like preeclampsia or placenta accreta. As an important endocrine organ actively responding to ovarian steroids and producing its own hormones, e.g., serving as the source of gestational relaxin or prepartum prostaglandins, the canine placenta has become an attractive research target, both in basic and clinical research. In particular, the placental feto-maternal communication between maternal stroma-derived decidual cells and fetal trophoblast cells (i.e., an interplay between placenta materna and placenta fetalis) during the maintenance and termination of canine pregnancy serves as an interesting model for induction of parturition in mammals and is an attractive subject for translational and comparative research. Here, an updated view on morpho-functional aspects associated with canine placentation is presented.

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  • 01 March 2022

    A correction has been published.

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Acknowledgments

The authors would like to thank Dr. Sharon Mortimer for careful editing of the manuscript.

Funding: Research supported by The Swiss National Science Foundation (SNSF); research grant number 31003A_182481.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Institute of Veterinary Anatomy, Vetsuisse-Faculty, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland

    Mariusz P. Kowalewski, Ali Kazemian, Karl Klisch, Tina Gysin, Miguel Tavares Pereira & Aykut Gram

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  1. Mariusz P. Kowalewski
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  2. Ali Kazemian
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Correspondence to Mariusz P. Kowalewski .

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  1. Division of Animal Sciences, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, USA

    Rodney D. Geisert

  2. Division of Animal Sciences, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, USA

    Thomas Spencer

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Kowalewski, M.P., Kazemian, A., Klisch, K., Gysin, T., Tavares Pereira, M., Gram, A. (2021). Canine Endotheliochorial Placenta: Morpho-Functional Aspects. In: Geisert, R.D., Spencer, T. (eds) Placentation in Mammals. Advances in Anatomy, Embryology and Cell Biology, vol 234. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-77360-1_8

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