Skip to main content

Women Entrepreneurs (WE): Reshaping and Sustaining the Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) Economy

  • Conference paper
  • First Online:
Artificial Intelligence Systems and the Internet of Things in the Digital Era (EAMMIS 2021)

Part of the book series: Lecture Notes in Networks and Systems ((LNNS,volume 239))

Abstract

This paper focuses on discovering and offering pertinent and attentive evidence on the successes and challenges by women entrepreneurs in GCC. The research aims at reviewing what has been achieved so far in previous literature. The economic changes and development encouraged people to start their own businesses and follow the path of entrepreneurship. These advancements were only possible because of the continuous efforts of the GCC governments. Women are part of this and have gained recently momentum in the world of business in GCC, which reflected positively on the economy. GCC was formed in 1981 and it was inaugurated to promote the economic, social, and cultural cooperation between these Arab Gulf States. This leads us to say that sustainability is supported by women role in creating new businesses.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 129.00
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 169.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

References

  1. Ahmed, U.: Influencing youth Involvement in entrepreneurship: implications for policy makers in the Kingdom of Bahrain. Ann. Contemp. Dev. Manage. HR (ACDMHR) 1(3), 39–52 (2019)

    Google Scholar 

  2. Al-Zayyat, Y.: What is the GCC? (2017). https://www.aljazeera.com/news

  3. Alhudaithy, F.: Exclusive Interview with Sofia Al Asfoor. Retrieved from felwa alhudaithy blog: (2012). http://felwa-alhudaithy.blogspot.com/2012/09/exclusive-interview-with-sofiaalasfoor.html?m=1

  4. Arabia, G.: Arabian Business Global (2019). https://www.arabianbusiness.com/

  5. Associates, E.: Business Case for Women’s Economic Empowerment in the Arab States Region (2016). https://ergonassociates.net/wp-content/uploads/2017/09/BusinessCasefor-Womens-Employment-Arab-States-Report-EN-2016.pdf?x74739

  6. Atef, T.M., Al-Balushi, M.: Entrepreneurship as a means for restructuring employment patterns. Tourism Hospitality Res. 15(2), 73–90 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1177/1467358414558082

    Article  Google Scholar 

  7. Basaffar, A.A., Niehm, L.S., Bosselman, R.: Saudi Arabian women in entrepreneurship: challenges, opportunities and potential. J. Dev. Entrepreneurship 23(02), 1850013 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1142/s1084946718500139

    Article  Google Scholar 

  8. BCCI, Women in Bahrain in the fields of Business. (2015). https://www.bcci.bh/sites/default/files/researchandstudy/eld%20of%20Business_0.pdf

  9. Birley, S., Moss, C., Saunders, P.: Do women entrepreneurs require different training? Am. J. Small Bus. 12(1), 27–36 (1987)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  10. Bhardwaj, B.R.: Impact of education and training on performance of women entrepreneurs. J. Entrepreneurship Emerg. Econ (2014)

    Google Scholar 

  11. Brush, C.: How Women Entrepreneurs Are Transforming Economies and Communities, (2103). https://www.forbes.com/sites/babson/2013/02/16/how-womenentrepreneursare-transforming-economies-and-communities/#43640ee388c4

  12. Bugshan, F.: Lack of Mentors Hinder Women’s Entrepreneurship in GCC, Women Express Entrepreneurial treats, But Less Likely to own a Business. (2012). https://news.gallup.com/poll/155204/lack-mentors-may-hinder-women-entrepreneurshipgcc.aspx

  13. Bunagan, V., Sison, S.: Promoting Entrepreneurs: Challenges and Success (2020). https://workingcapitalreview.com/2017/04/women-tech-entrepreneurs-need-to-be-valued)

  14. Carter and Cannon (1992). https://numerons.files.wordpress.com/2012/04/17women-entrepreneursin-the-globaleconomy.pdf

  15. Chamlou, N., Klapper, L., Muzi, S.: The Environment for Womens Entrepreneurship in the Middle East and North Africa (2008). https://doi.org/10.1596/978-0-8213-7495-5report

  16. Cherneff, A.: 6 Reasons to Invest in Women, (2012). https://www.huffpost.com/entry/invest-in-women_b_1612911

  17. CyberTek (2019). https://www.bahwancybertek.com/#/

  18. Darwish, S.: 20 Common Mistakes of Startups, Chapter 17 in the Book Startup, 1st Edition Editors Mohammed Isa & Raoof Hujairi, Grant Thornton, Bahrain, National Library Deposit Number: 224/2019 (2019)

    Google Scholar 

  19. Davis, P.J.: The global training deficit: the scarcity of formal and informal professional development opportunities for women entrepreneurs. Ind. Comm. Training (2012)

    Google Scholar 

  20. Elkitbi, I.: Women’s Political Status in the GCC States: (2008). https://carnegieendowment.org/sada/21229

  21. Farah. 100 Tech.co Interview with Mona Ataya of Mumzworld (2017). https://100tech.co/100tech-co-interview-with-mona-ataya-of-mumzworld/

  22. Fattahova, N.: Bahrain Invites GCC Entrepreneurs to invest in oil and industrial sectors (2019). https://news.kuwaittimes.net/website/bahrain-invites-gcc-entrepreneurstoinvest-in-oil-and-industrial-sectors/

  23. GEM, Global Entrepreneurship Monitor 2018–2019. https://www.middleeast.atkearney.com/web/global-business-policy-council/article?/a/powerwomen-in-arabiashaping-the-path-for-regional-gender-equality

  24. Group, A.M.: Profile (2019). http://www.almadanigroup.com/web/

  25. Hamdan, A.: Saudi Arabia: higher education reform since 2005 and the implications for women. Educ. Arab World (2017). https://doi.org/10.5040/9781474271035.ch-011

    Article  Google Scholar 

  26. Ijamee IJAMEE (2017). http://www.ijamee.info/index.php/IJAMEE

  27. Isenberg, D.: What an Entrepreneurship Ecosystem Actually Is (2018). https://hbr.org/2014/05/what-an-entrepreneurial-ecosystem-actually-is

  28. Jalbert, E.S.: Women Entrepreneurs in the Global Economy, (2000). https://numerons.files.wordpress.com/2012/04/17women-entrepreneurs-in-the-globaleconomy.pdf

  29. Khalid, N., Ahmed, U., Tundikbayeva, B., Ahmed, M.: Entrepreneurship and organizational performance: Empirical insight into the role of entrepreneurial training, culture and government funding across higher education institutions in Pakistan. Manage. Sci. Lett. 9(5), 755–770 (2019)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  30. Lee, M.S.: How entrepreneurship shapes a community: (2014). https://www.crainsdetroit.com/other-voices/how-entrepreneurship-shapes-community

  31. Mazzarol, T.: Growing and sustaining entrepreneurial ecosystems: What they are and the role of government policy, White Paper WP01–2014, Small Enterprise Association of Australia and New Zealand (SEAANZ) (2014)

    Google Scholar 

  32. Mc Elwee, G.: Women entrepreneurs in Oman: Some barriers to success (2017). https://www.researchgate.net/publication/235286376_Women_entrepreneurs_in_Oman_Some_barriers_to_success

  33. Metcalfe, B.D.: Women, management and globalization in the middle East. J. Bus. Ethics 83(1), 85–100 (2008)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  34. Miniaoui, H.A.: Innovation and Entrepreneurship for the growth and diversification of the GCC Economies. Retrieved from MPRA: (2017). https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/71898/

  35. Moghadam, V.M.: Women, structure, and agency in the Middle East: introduction and overview to feminist formations’ special issue on women in the Middle East, 9 (2016)

    Google Scholar 

  36. Alaa, N.: (2019). https://www.facebook.com/search/top/?q=Nada+Alaa+Eldin

  37. Peterson, J.E.: The political status of women in the Arab Gulf States. Middle East J. 43(1), PP43–50 (2018)

    Google Scholar 

  38. PNE Group (n.d). https://www.pne.org/pne-group-insights/rise-in-female-entrepreneurshipgivesgulf-businesses-a-boost/

  39. Rao, N.: Women’s rights to land and assets: experience of mainstreaming gender in development projects, 4709 m, 2011, UNESCO; Geneva (2017)

    Google Scholar 

  40. Roomi, M.A., Harrison, P.: Behind the veil: women‐only entrepreneurship training in Pakistan. Int. J. Gender Entrepreneurship (2010)

    Google Scholar 

  41. Sajuyigbe, A.S., Fadeyibi, I.O.: Women entrepreneurship and sustainable economic development: Evidence from Nigeria. J. Entrepreneurship, Bus. Econ. 5(2), 19–46 (2017)

    Google Scholar 

  42. Shahnawaz, M.R.: Preliminary Investigation of Emirati Women (2016). https://www.ijstr.org/final-print/aug2015/Preliminary-Investigation-Of-Emirati-

  43. WomenEntrepreneurship-In-The-Uae-Motivating-Factors-Challenges-And-Government-Initiatives.pdf Springborg, R. GCC Countries as “Rentier States”.Middle East J. 67(2), 301309 (2013)

    Google Scholar 

  44. Step Feed 8 Female Arab Entrepreneurs who made it big (2017). https://stepfeed.com/8-female-arab-entrepreneurs-who-made-it-big-2660

  45. Times News Service, NBC hosts roundtable for Omani women entrepreneurs (2018). https://timesofoman.com/article/141458

  46. Toledo, R.: The Entrepreneur (2021). https://www.entrepreneur.com/article/364947

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Saad Darwish .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2021 The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG

About this paper

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this paper

Darwish, S., Ahmed, U., Bunagan, V.D., Sison, S.M. (2021). Women Entrepreneurs (WE): Reshaping and Sustaining the Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) Economy. In: Musleh Al-Sartawi, A.M., Razzaque, A., Kamal, M.M. (eds) Artificial Intelligence Systems and the Internet of Things in the Digital Era. EAMMIS 2021. Lecture Notes in Networks and Systems, vol 239. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-77246-8_42

Download citation

Publish with us

Policies and ethics