Abstract
The Greek city-states were unique in that there was no traditional kingship or priesthood. During the transition to democracy—with disorder created by aristocrats, oligarchs, and democrats—tyrants arose to restore order. This was purely personal rule—dictatorship—based on military and police violence. The tyrants ruled through charisma, power and terror. Plato and Aristotle described tyranny as “the worst form of government”—in The Republic and Politics.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Notes
- 1.
Ronald M. Glassman, The Origins of Democracy in Tribes, City-States, and Nation-States, 2017.
- 2.
Aristotle, Politics, Barker Translation, Oxford University Press, London, 1960.
- 3.
Ronald M. Glassman and William Swatos, Jr., Charisma, History and Social Structure, NY Praeger, 1981.
- 4.
James George Frazer, The Golden Bough, New York, Amazon, 2011. (1890).
- 5.
Oxford Study Bible.
- 6.
Aristotle, Politics, Barker Translation, Oxford University Press, London, 1960.
- 7.
Polybins, Book VI, The History of Rome, NY, Amazon 2006.
- 8.
Aristotle, Politics, Barker Translation, Oxford University Press, London, 1960.
- 9.
Ronald M. Glassman, The Origins of Democracy in Tribes, City-States, and Nation-States, 2017.
- 10.
Mark Pendergrast, Archaic Greece, Google Books.
- 11.
Ronald M. Glassman, The Origins of Democracy in Tribes, City-States, and Nation-States, 2017.
- 12.
The Icelandic Sagas, Translated by Snorri Sturluson, NY, Amazon, 2010.
- 13.
Aristophanes, Worshipping Women.
- 14.
Euripides, The Bacchae.
- 15.
Aristotle, The Constitution of Athens, London, Penguin Classics, 1964.
- 16.
Joshua Ober, Demokratia (Hoplite Phalanx), Princeton, Princeton University Press, 1984.
- 17.
Plato, The Republic, London, Penguin Classes, 1950.
- 18.
Herodotus, Histories, (on Xerxes) London, Penguin, 1951.
- 19.
Ibid., pp. 238–239, Penguin Classics.
- 20.
Ibid.
- 21.
Ibid.
- 22.
Ibid.
- 23.
Aristotle, Politics, Barker Translation, Oxford University Press, London, 1960.
- 24.
Ibid.
- 25.
Aristotle, The Constitution of Athens, London, Penguin Classics, 1964.
- 26.
Thucydides, The Peloponnesian War, London, Penguin Classics 1951.
- 27.
Eric W. Robinson, Greek Democracy (on Syracuse), Amazon, 2000.
- 28.
Aristotle, The Constitution of Athens, London, Penguin Classics, 1964.
- 29.
Aristotle, Politics, Barker Translation, Oxford University Press, London, 1960.
- 30.
Ibid.
- 31.
Ronald M. Glassman and William Swatos, Jr., Charisma, History and Social Structure, NY Praeger, 1981.
- 32.
Niccolò Machiavelli, The Prince, London, Penguin Classics, 1950.
- 33.
Max Weber, Economy and Society “Guenther Roth and Claus Wittich”, New York, Academic Press, 1961.
- 34.
Aristotle, The Constitution of Athens, London, Penguin Classics, 1964.
- 35.
Polybins, Book VI, The History of Rome, NY, Amazon 2006.
- 36.
Titus Livius (Livy), The History of Rome, Books I–V, London, Penguin Classics, 1948.
- 37.
Herodotus, Histories, (on Xerxes) London, Penguin, 1951.
- 38.
Virgin, Aneas, London, Penguin, 1952.
- 39.
Polybins, Book VI, The History of Rome, NY, Amazon 2006.
- 40.
Titus Livius (Livy), The History of Rome, Books I–V, London, Penguin Classics, 1948.
- 41.
Ronald M. Glassman, The Origins of Democracy in Tribes, City-States, and Nation-States, 2017.
- 42.
Lewis Henry Morgan, Ancient Society, NY. Amazon, 2012 (1877).
- 43.
Helen C. Rountree, The Powhatan Indians of Virginia, Paperback Amazon, 1992.
- 44.
Polybins, Book VI, The History of Rome, NY, Amazon 2006.
- 45.
Ronald M. Glassman, The Origins of Democracy in Tribes, City-States, and Nation-States, 2017.
- 46.
Titus Livius (Livy), The History of Rome, Books I–V, London, Penguin Classics, 1948.
- 47.
William Shakespeare, Julius Caesar.
- 48.
Tacitus, The Annals of Imperial Rome, London, Penguin, 1952.
- 49.
Mary Quigley, West African Kingdoms, Google Books, 2010.
- 50.
E.A. Ritter, Shaka Zulu, Amazon, 2003.
- 51.
Confucius, The Analects, NY, Amazon, 2000.
- 52.
Mencius, See Wikipedia, Chinese Philosophers.
- 53.
Xun Xi, See Wikipedia, Chinese Philosophers.
- 54.
Ibn Sina (Avicenna), Philosophy in the Arabic Golden Age, NY, Amazon, 2013; Ibn Rushd (Averroes), Philosophy in the Arabic Golden Age, NY, Amazon, 2013.
- 55.
Thomas Aquinas, Politics and Ethics, London, Penguin Classics, 1950.
- 56.
Ibid.
- 57.
Lord Acton, “Power Corrupts; Absolute Power Corrupts Absolutely.”
- 58.
Plato, The Republic, London, Penguin Classes, 1950.
- 59.
Niccolò Machiavelli, The Prince, London, Penguin Classics, 1950.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2021 The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Glassman, R.M. (2021). The Emergence of Tyranny Without Traditional Kingship. In: Can Democracy Survive in the 21st Century?. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-76821-8_16
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-76821-8_16
Published:
Publisher Name: Springer, Cham
Print ISBN: 978-3-030-76820-1
Online ISBN: 978-3-030-76821-8
eBook Packages: Social SciencesSocial Sciences (R0)