Abstract
During a heavy exercise, energy requirement increases, causing insufficiency of inspiratory muscles to overcome the elastic recoil of the lungs. Respiratory accessory muscles are in charge during forced inspiration or expiration. Muscles elevating chest cage during respiration are referred to muscles of inspiration, while muscles depressing chest cage are termed as muscles of expiration. In case of high cervical spinal injury, sternocleidomastoid muscle remains intact and is the objective of physiotherapy. Expiratory muscle strength is significant in patients suffering chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Involvement of bulbar muscles in patients with neuromuscular diseases presents a deterioration of the disease.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Abbreviations
- ALS:
-
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis
- COPD:
-
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
- EMT:
-
Expiratory muscle training
- NIV:
-
Noninvasive ventilation
- SPS:
-
Serratus posterior superior
References
Ulubay G. Solunum kas fizyolojisi ve kas gücü ölçümü (Respiratory mass physiology and muscle power measurement). Toraks Cerrahisi Bülteni. 2017;10:37–46.
Hall JE. Pulmonary ventilation. In: Guyton AC, Hall JE, editors. Textbook of medical physiology. 13th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2016. p. 497–507.
Legrand A, Schneider E, Gevenois PA, De Troyer A. Respiratory effects of the scalene and sternomastoid muscles in humans. J Appl Physiol (1985). 2003;94:1467–72.
Pilarski JQ, Leiter JC, Fregosi RF. Muscles of breathing: development, function, and patterns of activation. Compr Physiol. 2019;9(3):1025–80.
Ad T, Boriek AM. Mechanics of the respiratory muscles. Physiological Society. Compr Physiol. 2011;1:1273–300.
De Troyer A, Legrand A, Wilson TA. Rostrocaudal gradient of mechanical advantage in the parasternal intercostal muscles of the dog. J Physiol. 1996;495:239–46.
Laghi F, Cattapan SE, Jubran A, Parthasarathy S, Warshawsky P, Choi YS, Tobin MJ. Is weaning failure caused by low-frequency fatigue of the diaphragm? Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 2003;167:120–7.
Parthasarathy S, Jubran A, Laghi F, Tobin MJ. Sternomastoıd, rıb-cage and expıratory muscle actıvıty durıng weanıng faılure. J Appl Physiol. 2007;103(1):140–7.
De Troyer A, Peche R, Yernault JC, Estenne M. Neck muscle activity in patients with severe chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 1994;150:41–7.
Gehrking E, Klostermann W, Wessel K, Remmert S. Electromyography of the infrahyoid muscles - part 1: normal findings. Laryngorhinootologie. 2001;80:662–5.
Reid DC, Bowden J, Lynne-Davies P. Role of selected muscles of respiration as influenced by posture and tidal volume. Chest. 1976;70:636–40.
Legrand R, Marles A, Prieur F, Lazzari S, Blondel N, Mucci P. Related trends in locomotor and respiratory muscle oxygenation during exercise. Med Sci Sports Exerc. 2007;39:91–100.
Cala SJ, Edyvean J, Engel LA. Chest wall and trunk muscle activity during inspiratory loading. J Appl Physiol (1985). 1992;73:2373–81.
Fujiwara T, Hara Y, Chino N. Expiratory function in complete tetraplegics: study of spirometry, maximal expiratory pressure, and muscle activity of pectoralis major and latissimus dorsi muscles. Am J Phys Med Rehabil. 1999;78(5):464–9.
Neves LF, Reis MH, Plentz RD, Matte DL, Coronel CC, Sbruzzi G. Expiratory and expiratory plus inspiratory muscle training improves respiratory muscle strength in subjects with COPD: systematic review. Respir Care. 2014;59(9):1381–8.
Illi SK, Held U, Frank I, Spengler CM. Effect of respiratory muscle training on exercise performance in healthy individuals: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Sports Med. 2012;42(8):707–24.
Weiner P, Magadle R, Beckerman M, Weiner M, Berar-Yanay N. Specific expiratory muscle training in COPD. Chest. 2003;124(2):468–73.
Laciuga H, Rosenbek JC, Davenport PW, Sapienza CM. Functional outcomes associated with expiratory muscle strength training: narrative review. J Rehabil Res Dev. 2014;51(4):535–46.
Benditt OJ. Respiratory care of patients with neuromuscular disease. Respir Care. 2019;64(6):679–88.
Butterworth JF, Mackey DC, Wasnick JD. Morgan & Mikhail’s clinical anesthesiology. 5th ed. United States; The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc; 2013.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2021 The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Beyoglu, C.A. (2021). Respiratory Accessory Muscle, Function of Inspiratory, Expiratory, and Bulbar Muscles. In: Esquinas, A.M. (eds) Pulmonary Function Measurement in Noninvasive Ventilatory Support. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-76197-4_4
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-76197-4_4
Published:
Publisher Name: Springer, Cham
Print ISBN: 978-3-030-76196-7
Online ISBN: 978-3-030-76197-4
eBook Packages: MedicineMedicine (R0)