Abstract
Dental fluorosis is one of the most common health problems in North Africa. In southeastern Algeria, we are witnessing a “silent” fluorosis among citizens, considering that underground water is the only source for drinking. However, the concentration of fluorine ion exceeds the value allowed by the World Health Organization (1.5 ppm). For the temperate areas, dental fluorosis occurs when the concentration of fluoride in water exceeds 1.5–2 ppm. For this reason, we wish to present this work consisting of definition and mapping of a fluorosis risk in this region to identify the spots with the highest concentration in fluoride. The main objective of this study is to determine the fluoride tenure in water. The results indicate that 100% of the water wells of Pliocene aquifer are characterized by excessive levels of fluoride and more than 40% of the wells of the Senonian aquifer. These are the waters of the Albian and Lower Devonian aquifer level with values below the recommended standard. The high fluoride concentrations in water can be linked to volcanic activities, the presence of thermal waters especially those with high pH, gases emitted from earth’s crust, and granitic and gneissic rocks, whereas anthropogenic sources of fluoride in water are mainly pesticides and industrial waste. Therefore, more efforts should concentrate on finding appropriate defluoridation techniques to be applied while considering the cost of operation, efficiency, practicability, easy application, and environmental impact.
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Kadri, A., Kateb, S., Baouia, K., Kouadri, S. (2022). Contribution to the Study of Fluoride Ion Concentrations in Groundwater and Its Impact on the Desert Areas of Southeastern Algeria. In: Heggy, E., Bermudez, V., Vermeersch, M. (eds) Sustainable Energy-Water-Environment Nexus in Deserts. Advances in Science, Technology & Innovation. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-76081-6_5
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