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Contribution of Norepinephrine to Cerebellar Long-Term Depression and Motor Learning

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Cerebellum as a CNS Hub

Part of the book series: Contemporary Clinical Neuroscience ((CCNE))

Abstract

Long-term depression (LTD) at parallel fiber (PF) to Purkinje neuron (PN) synapses in the cerebellum has been considered as a primary cellular mechanism for motor learning, although there are conflicting results. Aminergic neuromodulator norepinephrine (NE) is known to contribute to various types of learning including adaptation of the optokinetic response (OKR). Previous studies showed that OKR adaptation is accompanied by LTD occurrence in the cerebellar flocculus and that application of NE to the flocculus enhances OKR, while application of β-adrenergic receptor antagonist suppresses OKR adaptation. Our recent results demonstrated that NE facilitates induction of LTD through activation of β-adrenergic receptor in the flocculus. Thus, NE might contribute to OKR adaptation through facilitation of LTD induction. This monograph explains the involvement of NE in the cerebellar synaptic function and motor learning, primarily focusing on LTD and OKR adaptation.

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Acknowledgments

The authors thank Drs. S. Kawaguchi and E. Nakajima for helpful comments on this manuscript.

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  1. Department of Biophysics, Graduate School of Science, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan

    Tomoo Hirano & Takuma Inoshita

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  1. Tomoo Hirano
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  1. Neurology, NCNP Hospital, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry (NCNP), Kodaira, Tokyo, Japan

    Hidehiro Mizusawa

  2. Department of Anatomy and Physiology Faculty of Life Sciences, Jissen Women’s University, Tokyo, Japan

    Shinji Kakei

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Hirano, T., Inoshita, T. (2021). Contribution of Norepinephrine to Cerebellar Long-Term Depression and Motor Learning. In: Mizusawa, H., Kakei, S. (eds) Cerebellum as a CNS Hub. Contemporary Clinical Neuroscience. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-75817-2_16

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