Abstract
This chapter reviews the literature and management of patients with cardiac arrest who warrant therapeutic hypothermia for neuroprotection. Step-by-step review of the important elements about the patient’s history and medical status prior to cooling, inclusion criteria for cooling in the major trials, and monitoring needed while cooled. It then reviews the prognostic value of CT, clinical exam findings, EEG, MRI, somatosensory-evoked potentials (SSEPs), and neuron-specific enolase (NSE).
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Preview
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
References
Hypothermia after Cardiac Arrest Study Group. Mild therapeutic hypothermia to improve the neurologic outcome after cardiac arrest. NEJM. 2002;346(8):549–56.
Bernard SA, et al. Treatment of comatose survivors of out-of-hospital cardiac arrest with induced hypothermia. NEJM. 2002;346(8):557–63.
Nielsen N, et al. Targeted temperature management at 33°C versus 36°C after cardiac arrest. NEJM. 2013;369(23):2197–206.
Dankiewicz J, et al. Hypothermia versus normothermia after out-of-hospital cardiac arrest. N Engl J Med. 2021;384(24):2283–94.
Elmer J, et al. Association of early withdrawal of life-sustaining therapy for perceived neurological prognosis with mortality after cardiac arrest. Resuscitation. 2016;102:127–35.
Zhou SE, et al. Distinct predictive values of current Neuroprognostic guidelines in post- cardiac arrest patients. Resuscitation. 2019;139:343–50.
Wu O, et al. Predicting clinical outcome in comatose cardiac arrest patients using early noncontrast computed tomography. Stroke. 2011;42(4):985–92.
Oddo M, Sandroni C, Citerio G, et al. Quantitative versus standard pupillary light reflex for early prognostication in comatose cardiac arrest patients: an international prospective multicenter double-blinded study. Intensive Care Med. 2018;44(12):2102–11.
Elmer J, Rittenberger JC, Faro J, Molyneaux BJ, Popescu A, Callaway CW, Baldwin M, Pittsburgh Post-Cardiac Arrest Service. Clinically distinct electroencephalographic phenotypes of early myoclonus after cardiac arrest. Ann Neurol. 2016;80:175–84.
Westover MB, Edlow BL, Greer DM. Coma after cardiac arrest: management and neurological prognostication. London: MGH Cardiology Board Review. Springer; 2014. p. 471–85.
Tiainen M, Kovala TT, Takkunen OS, Roine RO. Somatosensory and brainstem auditory evoked potentials in cardiac arrest patients treated with hypothermia. Crit Care Med. 2005;33(8):1736–40.
Hirsch KG, et al. Prognostic value of diffusion-weighted MRI for post-cardiac arrest coma. Neurology. 2020;94(16):e1684–92.
Stammet P, Collignon O, Hassager C, Wise MP, Hovdenes J, Åneman A, et al. Neuron-specific enolase as a predictor of death or poor neurological outcome after out-of-hospital cardiac arrest and targeted temperature management at 33 degrees C and 36 degrees C. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2015;65(19):2104–14.
Gillick K, Rooney K. Serial NSE measurement identifies non-survivors following out of hospital cardiac arrest. Resuscitation. 2018;128:24–30.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2022 The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Srikanth, P., Albin, C.S.W. (2022). NEUROPROGNOSIS AND INDUCED NORMOTHERMIA AFTER CARDIAC ARREST. In: Albin, C.S., Zafar, S.F. (eds) The Acute Neurology Survival Guide. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-75732-8_48
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-75732-8_48
Published:
Publisher Name: Springer, Cham
Print ISBN: 978-3-030-75731-1
Online ISBN: 978-3-030-75732-8
eBook Packages: MedicineMedicine (R0)