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Comparative Restorative Justice pp 197–221Cite as

Roadblocks and Diverging Paths for Restorative Justice in Australia and Aotearoa/New Zealand

Abstract

In the context of youth offending, restorative justice (RJ) is well-established in Australia and New Zealand, and research has established clear benefits of RJ for victims and offenders. On the other hand, RJ also faces substantial roadblocks or challenges that are frequently overlooked in scholarly research on Australia and New Zealand, and there are tensions or fault lines between its use in “mainstream” youth and adult justice practices, and its use outside of the criminal justice system. Our chapter looks at these challenges on two levels—macro (i.e. political and social structural), meso (i.e. institutional, community, and group). Within these levels we also discuss how such challenges are in turn informing problems, changes, and innovations at the level of practice. We explicate these roadblocks in the context of issues specific to Australia and Aotearoa/New Zealand, but also comparatively in terms of similar issues faced by restorative justice in other western jurisdictions. We conclude with discussion of how these challenges may or may not be resolved in terms of possible trajectories for restorative justice in both countries and the restorative movement more broadly.

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Notes

  1. 1.

    See https://newcastleinstitute.org.au/

  2. 2.

    Worth mentioning as well about this development is the practice standards created in New Zealand for serious crimes such as sexual offending (New Zealand Ministry of Justice, 2013) and family violence (New Zealand Ministry of Justice, 2018).

  3. 3.

    One example is England and Wales and the introduction of restorative justice in the Crime and Courts Act 2013, which introduced a new section into the Powers of the Criminal Courts (Sentencing) Act 2000. As a result of this Act, since December 2014, the courts in England and Wales have had the power to defer the passing of a sentence to restorative justice provided that all parties agree. The Act also requires that anyone practising restorative justice to have regard to the guidance issued by the Secretary of State.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Griffith University, Elanora, QLD, Australia

    William R. Wood & Hennessey Hayes

  2. Central Queensland University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia

    Masahiro Suzuki

  3. Victoria University of Wellington, Wellington, New Zealand

    Jane Bolitho

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  1. William R. Wood
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Correspondence to William R. Wood .

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  1. Restorative Justice for All (RJ4All) International Institute, London, UK

    Theo Gavrielides

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Wood, W.R., Suzuki, M., Hayes, H., Bolitho, J. (2021). Roadblocks and Diverging Paths for Restorative Justice in Australia and Aotearoa/New Zealand. In: Gavrielides, T. (eds) Comparative Restorative Justice. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-74874-6_10

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