Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Introduction

  • Chapter
  • First Online:
Computing at the EDGE

  • 260 Accesses

Abstract

The shape of the Internet has changed significantly in recent years with the advent of mobile devices and increasingly powerful fixed devices deployed at the edge of the network. Each intelligent device is pushing a small amount of data to the Internet, and these small amounts multiplied by billions of devices aggregate to become big data. The traditional infrastructure, based on the cloud model, cannot scale to handle the new demand of the Internet of Things (IoT). Particularly, energy efficiency is the key driver in this new era. This chapter summarizes the development of the Internet and discusses the new challenges that it faces. The UniServer project funded by the European Commission under its Horizon Programme carried out research in the field from 2016–2019 publishing a number of significant papers in the area. The chapter explains the basis of the UniServer architecture and points to the chapters that follow incorporating the significant details of the research.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Log in via an institution
eBook
USD 16.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 16.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info
Hardcover Book
USD 54.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

References

  1. A. Yousefpour, C. Fung, T. Nguyen, K. Kadiyala, F. Jalali, A. Niakanlahiji, J. Kong, J.P. Jue, J. Syst. Archit. 98, 289–330 (2019)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  2. D. Evans, The Internet of Things: how the next evolution of the Internet is changing everything, CISCO white paper 1 (2011) (2011) 1–11. Available on the web at.: https://www.cisco.com/c/dam/en_us/about/ac79/docs/innov/IoT_IBSG_0411FINAL.pdf

  3. A. McAfee, E. Brynjolfsson, T.H. Davenport, D. Patil, D. Barton, Big data: the management revolution. Harv. Bus. Rev. 90(10), 60–68 (2012)

    Google Scholar 

  4. A. Yassinea, S. Singh, M.S. Hossain, G. Muhammad, IoT big data analytics for smart homes with fog and cloud computing. Futur. Gener. Comput. Syst. 91, 563–573 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.future.2018.08.040

    Article  Google Scholar 

  5. P. Mell, T. Grance, The NIST definition of cloud computing, US National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) Special Publication 800-145, 2011, available on the web at: https://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/Legacy/SP/nistspecialpublication800-145.pdf

  6. J. Manyika, M. Chui, J. Bughin, R. Dobbs, P. Bisson, A. Marrs, Disruptive technologies: advances that will transform life, business, and the global economy, McKinsey Global Institute, May 2013, available on the web at: https://www.mckinsey.com/~/media/McKinsey/Business%20Functions/McKinsey%20Digital/Our%20Insights/Disruptive%20technologies/MGI_Disruptive_technologies_Full_report_May2013

  7. J. Bar-Magen, A. Garcia-Cabot, E. Garcia, L. de-Marcos, J.A. Gutierrez de Mesa, Collaborative network development for an embedded framework, in 7th international conference on knowledge management in organizations: service and cloud computing, ed. by L. Uden, F. Herrera, J. B. Pérez, J. M. Corchado Rodríguez, (Springer, Berlin/Heidelberg, 2013), pp. 443–453

    Google Scholar 

  8. J. Bar-Magen, Fog computing- introduction to a new cloud evolution, in Escrituras Silenciadas: El paisaje como Historiografia, ed. by F. Jose, F. Casals, P. Numhauser, 1st edn., (UAH, Alcala de Henares, 2013), pp. 111–126

    Google Scholar 

  9. J.B.-M. Numhauser, J.A.G. de Mesa, XMPP distributed topology as a potential solution for fog computing, in MESH 2013 the sixth international conference on advances in mesh networks, ed. by E. Borcoci, S. S. Compte, (Pub: IARIA, Barcelona), pp. 26–32. ISBN 978-1-61208-299-8

    Google Scholar 

  10. M.S.V. Janakiram, Is fog computing the next big thing in the internet of things. Forbes Magazine. 18 April 2016. Available on the web at: https://www.forbes.com/sites/janakirammsv/2016/04/18/is-fog-computing-the-next-big-thing-in-internet-of-things/#1d77ebcc608d

  11. C. Mouradian, D. Naboulsi, S. Yangui, R.H. Glitho, M.J. Morrow, P.A. Polakos, A comprehensive survey on fog computing: state-of-the-art and research challenges. IEEE Commun. Surv. Tutor. 20(1), 416–464 (2018)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  12. A. Al-Fuqaha, M. Guizani, M. Mohammadi, M. Aledhari, M. Ayyash, Internet of things: a survey on enabling technologies, protocols, and applications. IEEE Commun. Surv. Tuts 17(4), 2347–2376., 4th Quart (2015)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  13. S. Khan, S. Parkinson, Y. Qin, Fog computing security: a review of current applications and security solutions. J. Cloud. Comp. 6, 19 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1186/s13677-017-0090-3

    Article  Google Scholar 

  14. J. Yakubu, S.M. Abdulhamid, H.A. Christopher, et al., Security challenges in fog-computing environment: a systematic appraisal of current developments. J. Reliab. Intell. Environ. 5, 209–233 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/s40860-019-00081-2

    Article  Google Scholar 

  15. F. Bonomi, R. Milito, J Zhu, S Addepalli, Fog computing and its role in the internet of things, in Proceedings of the first edition of the MCC workshop on Mobile Cloud Computing (ACM, 2012), pp. 13–16

    Google Scholar 

  16. H.T. Dinh, C. Lee, D. Niyato, P. Wang, A survey of mobile cloud computing: Architecture, applications, and approaches. Wireless Commun. Mobile Comput. 13(18), 1587–1611 (2013)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  17. M. Satyanarayanan, P. Bahl, R. Caceres, N. Davies, The case for VM-based cloudlets in mobile computing. IEEE Pervasive Comput. 8(4), 14–23 (2009)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  18. S. Jürgo, K.T. Preden, A. Jantsch, M. Leier, A. Riid, E. Calis, The benefits of self-awareness and attention in fog and mist computing. Computer 48(7), 37–45 (Jul 2015)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  19. G.E. Moore, Cramming more components onto integrated circuits. Proc IEEE 86(1), 78 (1998)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  20. J. Koomey, S. Berard, M. Sanchez, H. Wong, Implications of historical trends in the electrical efficiency of computing. IEEE Ann. Hist. Comput. 33(3), 46–54 (2011). https://doi.org/10.1109/MAHC.2010.28

    Article  MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  21. H. Esmaeilzadeh, E. Blem, R.S. Amant, K. Sankaralingam, D. Burger, Dark silicon and the end of multicore scaling, in 2011 38th annual International Symposium on Computer Architecture (ISCA), San Jose, CA, 2011, pp. 365-376.

    Google Scholar 

  22. The International Technology Roadmap for Semiconductors (ITRS), 2013 tables available on-line at ITRS http://www.itrs.net//2013ITRS/2013TableSummaries

  23. Y. Kim et al., AUDIT: stress testing the automatic way, in 2012 45th annual IEEE/ACM international symposium on microarchitecture, Vancouver, BC (2012), pp. 212–223, https://doi.org/10.1109/MICRO.2012.28.

  24. P.N. Whatmough, S. Das, Z. Hadjilambrou, D.M. Bull, An all-digital power-delivery monitor for analysis of a 28nm dual-core ARM Cortex-A57 cluster, 2015 IEEE International Solid-State Circuits Conference – (ISSCC) Digest of Technical Papers, San Francisco, CA, 2015, pp. 1-3, https://doi.org/10.1109/ISSCC.2015.7063026

  25. V.J. Reddi et al., Voltage smoothing: characterizing and mitigating voltage noise in production processors via software-guided thread scheduling, in 2010 43rd annual IEEE/ACM International Symposium on Microarchitecture, Atlanta, GA, 2010, pp. 77-88, https://doi.org/10.1109/MICRO.2010.35.

  26. A. Bacha, R. Teodorescu, Dynamic reduction of voltage margins by leveraging on-chip ECC in Itanium II processors, in Proc. of International Symposium on Computer Architecture (ISCA), June 2013, pp. 297–307 https://doi.org/10.1145/2485922.2485948

  27. K.A. Bowman et al., A 45 nm resilient microprocessor core for dynamic variation tolerance. IEEE J. Solid-State Circuits 46(1), 194–208 (Jan. 2011). https://doi.org/10.1109/JSSC.2010.2089657

    Article  Google Scholar 

  28. A.C. Baktir , A. Ozgovde , C. Ersoy, How can edge computing benefit from software-defined networking: a survey, use cases, and future directions, IEEE Commun. Surv. Tutor. 19 (4) (2017) 2359–2391.

    Google Scholar 

  29. OpenFogConsortium, Openfog reference architecture for fog computing, 2017. Available on line: https://www.openfogconsortium.org/ra/, February 2017

  30. European Telecommunications Standards Institute, MobileEdge Computing (MEC) Terminology. Available on-line. http://www.etsi.org/deliver/etsi_gs/MEC/001_099/001/01.01.01_60/gs_MEC001v010101p.pdf

  31. European Telecommunications Standards Institute. Multi-Access Edge Computing. Accessed on May 2017. Available on-line: http://www.etsi.org/technologies-clusters/technologies/multi-accessedge-computing

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. The School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering and Computer Science (EEECS), Queen’s University Belfast, Belfast, Northern Ireland

    Charles J. Gillan & George Karakonstantis

Authors
  1. Charles J. Gillan
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. George Karakonstantis
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Charles J. Gillan .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. BELFAST, UK

    Georgios Karakonstantis

  2. Queen’s University Belfast, BELFAST, UK

    Charles J. Gillan

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2022 Springer Nature Switzerland AG

About this chapter

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this chapter

Gillan, C.J., Karakonstantis, G. (2022). Introduction. In: Karakonstantis, G., Gillan, C.J. (eds) Computing at the EDGE. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-74536-3_1

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-74536-3_1

  • Published:

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Cham

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-030-74535-6

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-030-74536-3

  • eBook Packages: Computer ScienceComputer Science (R0)

Publish with us

Policies and ethics

Search

Navigation