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Advances and Innovations in Reconstruction of the Maxilla and Midface Utilizing Computer-Assisted Surgery: Technology, Principal Consideration, and Clinical Implementation

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Innovations and New Developments in Craniomaxillofacial Reconstruction

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Abstract

The restoration of form, function and aesthetics of the maxilla and midface together with its surrounding soft tissues of congenital (e.g. craniosynostosis) or acquired defects (e.g. after trauma or tumor resection) remains one of the greatest surgical challenges due to its complex three-dimensional anatomy and surrounding vital structures. The implementation of computer-aided design/computer-aided manufacturing (CAD/CAM) technology and the use of patient-specific implants (PSIs) has heralded a new era in craniomaxillofacial reconstruction and its benefits have been extensively documented in the last decade. After processing pre-operative CT-scan data into CAD/CAM software, the surgeon is able to virtually plan osteotomies and the reconstruction of large and geometrically complex anatomical defects, which leads to a more precise surgical procedure and predictable results. Computer-assisted surgery (CAS) and intraoperative navigation further permit constant control of the reconstruction steps so that incorrect positioning of CAD/CAM fabricated customized surgical guides, patient-specific osteosynthesis plates and implants can be prevented. This leads to a significantly lower rate of complications and revision surgery and reduced operation time as compared to traditional methods. In this chapter, we will present various clinical scenarios resulting in the need for midfacial reconstruction where virtual surgical planning (VSP) in conjunction with CAD/CAM technology and patient-specific implants (PSIs) resulted in superior clinical outcomes. Furthermore, we give an insight into future developments with new technologies like virtual, augmented, and mixed reality finding their way into the operation theatre and the clinical routine.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Craniomaxillofacial Surgery, University Hospital Düsseldorf, Heinrich Heine University (HHU), Düsseldorf, Germany

    Majeed Rana & Max Wilkat

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  1. Majeed Rana
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  2. Max Wilkat
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Correspondence to Majeed Rana .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University Hospital Ramón y Cajal, University of Alcala, Madrid, Spain

    Julio Acero

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Rana, M., Wilkat, M. (2021). Advances and Innovations in Reconstruction of the Maxilla and Midface Utilizing Computer-Assisted Surgery: Technology, Principal Consideration, and Clinical Implementation. In: Acero, J. (eds) Innovations and New Developments in Craniomaxillofacial Reconstruction. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-74322-2_8

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-74322-2_8

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  • Online ISBN: 978-3-030-74322-2

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