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Induced Mutagenesis in Date Palm (Phoenix dactylifera L.) Breeding

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The Date Palm Genome, Vol. 2

Part of the book series: Compendium of Plant Genomes ((CPG))

Abstract

Date palm (Phoenix dactylifera L.) is an economically important crop in the oases agroecological zones. In vitro mutagenesis has been an effective strategy for genetic improvements in several traits of crop plants. However, studies related to the genetic improvement of this fruit tree are very limited. Several conventional approaches including physical and chemical mutagens, insertional and somaclonal mutations have been practiced creating the desired traits. However, contemporary site-directed mutation approaches, like TALENS, ZNFs and CRISPR-Cas, have not yet been put into practice for the date palm. The prospects and applications of currently accessible mutagenesis methods for date palm genetic improvement are discussed in this chapter. New breeding tools (NBTs) for targeted mutagenesis through CRISPR-Cas-based genome editing (GE) and its base editing (BE) versions can be very effective to engineer date palm genomes. However, with a large and complex genome, heterozygosity and outcrossing, somaclonal variation during in vitro regeneration, the presence of single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) and ultimate genetic instability caused by these SNPs pose challenges. Such challenges could be addressed effectively by the execution of site-specific CRISPR-Cas versions, like BEs, coupled with high-throughput screening techniques. Finally, the hierarchy of targeted mutagenesis over random mutagenesis is addressed as a potential approach for futuristic studies of date palm genetic improvement.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Central Laboratories, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa 31982, Saudi Arabia

    Muhammad Naeem Sattar & Zafar Iqbal

  2. Department of Plant Production and Technologies, Faculty of Agricultural Science and Technology, Nigde Omer Halisdemir University, Niğde, Turkey

    Muhammad Nadir Naqqash

  3. Department of Agricultural Sciences, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, 00014, Finland

    S. Mohan Jain

  4. Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, College of Agricultural and Food Sciences, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa 31982, Saudi Arabia

    Jameel M. Al-Khayri

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  1. Muhammad Naeem Sattar
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  2. Zafar Iqbal
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  3. Muhammad Nadir Naqqash
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  4. S. Mohan Jain
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  5. Jameel M. Al-Khayri
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  1. Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa, Saudi Arabia

    Jameel M. Al-Khayri

  2. Department of Agricultural Sciences, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland

    S. Mohan Jain

  3. Cincinnati, OH, USA

    Dennis V. Johnson

Appendix I: List of Some Research Institutes Relevant to Date Palm

Appendix I: List of Some Research Institutes Relevant to Date Palm

Institute name

Specialization research activities

Contact information and Web site

Date Palm Research Center of Excellence

Biotic and abiotic stresses through conventional and modern techniques

King Faisal University, Eastern Province—Al-Ahsa City PO Box 380 Postal Code 31982. Saudi Arabia

https://www.kfu.edu.sa/en/Centers/palms/Pages/Home-new.aspx

Date palm research group

Biotic and abiotic stresses

King Saud University, College of Food and Agricultural Sciences, Riyad, Saudi Arabia

http://cfas.ksu.edu.sa/en/content/date-palm-research-group

Center for Desert Agriculture Research

Date palm genomics and molecular breeding

King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Thuwal 23955-6900

Saudi Arabia

https://www.kaust.edu.sa/en/

Date palm Research Institute,

Micropropagation and varietal development

Shah Abdul Latif University, Khairpur Mirs, Sindh, Pakistan

www.salu.edu.pk

Date Palm Research and Development Unit

Varietal development, quantity and quality enhancement through modern biotech approaches

United Arab Emirates University,

P.O. Box 15551,

Al Ain, Abu Dhabi,

United Arab Emirates

https://www.uaeu.ac.ae/en/dvcrgs/research/centers/dpdrud/

National Center for Palm and Dates

Develop dates sector by concentration on production efficiency (cost reduction), product quality, effective marketing programs

7345 Prince Turky bin Abdulaziz Alawal—Hittin—13512-2141. Saudi Arabia

https://ncpd.org.sa/en/about

Date Palm Research Unit, University of Baghdad

To develop technologies for production, protection and post harvest technologies for date palm

University of Baghdad, Baghdad, Iraq

https://www.dateresearchinstitute.com/

Date palm Research Station, Mundra

To develop technologies for production, protection and post harvest technologies for date palm

Sardar krushi nagar—385506.

Dist.Banaskantha.

Gujarat, India

http://www.sdau.edu.in/detail/728914/date-palm-research-station-mundra

Date Palm Research Center

Quality and quantity enhancement in date palm

University of Basrah, Iraq

http://uobasrah.academia.edu/Departments/Date_Palm_Reaserch_Center/

Palm Desert Center

Conservation and development of elite cultivars using modern approaches

75080 Frank Sinatra Drive

Palm Desert, CA 92211

University of California, Riverside, USA

https://palmdesert.ucr.edu/research

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Sattar, M.N., Iqbal, Z., Naqqash, M.N., Jain, S.M., Al-Khayri, J.M. (2021). Induced Mutagenesis in Date Palm (Phoenix dactylifera L.) Breeding. In: Al-Khayri, J.M., Jain, S.M., Johnson, D.V. (eds) The Date Palm Genome, Vol. 2. Compendium of Plant Genomes. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-73750-4_7

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