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Proteoglycans, Neurogenesis and Stem Cell Differentiation

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Proteoglycans in Stem Cells

Part of the book series: Biology of Extracellular Matrix ((BEM,volume 9))

Abstract

Proteoglycans (PGs) are critical components of the cellular microenvironment localised to the cell surface or within the extracellular matrix with a wide variety of functions from early development and throughout life. They are predominantly composed of a core protein to which a number of highly sulfated glycosaminoglycan side chains are attached. PG proteins are highly variable and formed by a complex temporal, posttranslational biosynthesis that confers extensive biological diversity. These glycoproteins are critical contributors and regulators of numerous cellular processes including proliferation, stem cell plasticity and self-renewal, growth factor interaction and cell signalling as well as differentiation and lineage specification. There is great interest in how these multifaceted proteins can be used to understand complex cell and developmental biology as well as potential targets or biomarkers to prevent progression and treat a number of diseases. In combination with stem cell therapies, PGs likely provide exciting targets for a number of therapeutic applications. As these complex proteins have been shown to be involved in a number of critical developmental processes including neurogenesis, this chapter summarises PGs and their influence on neurogenesis and stem cell lineage specification and provides a summary of current models exploring their role in human neurogenesis.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Genomics Research Centre, Centre for Genomics and Personalised Health, School of Biomedical Sciences, Queensland University of Technology, Kelvin Grove, QLD, Australia

    Rachel K. Okolicsanyi, Lotta E. Oikari, Chieh Yu & Larisa M. Haupt

  2. Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, Queensland University of Technology (QUT), Kelvin Grove, QLD, Australia

    Rachel K. Okolicsanyi, Lotta E. Oikari, Chieh Yu & Larisa M. Haupt

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  1. Rachel K. Okolicsanyi
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  2. Lotta E. Oikari
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  3. Chieh Yu
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  4. Larisa M. Haupt
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Correspondence to Larisa M. Haupt .

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  1. Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Muenster University, Münster, Germany

    Martin Götte

  2. Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Science for Life Laboratory, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden

    Karin Forsberg-Nilsson

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Okolicsanyi, R.K., Oikari, L.E., Yu, C., Haupt, L.M. (2021). Proteoglycans, Neurogenesis and Stem Cell Differentiation. In: Götte, M., Forsberg-Nilsson, K. (eds) Proteoglycans in Stem Cells. Biology of Extracellular Matrix, vol 9. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-73453-4_6

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