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Extra-cardiac Doppler Hemodynamic Assessment Using Point-of-Care Ultrasound

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Cardiopulmonary Monitoring

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Abstract

Ultrasound imaging is now integrated in most intensive care units. Beyond its use as an adjunct for rapid diagnosis and to guide procedures, Point-of-Care Doppler ultrasound might offer the opportunity to gain unique insight into the physiology and hemodynamic status of the critically ill patient. This chapter focuses on understanding the basic principles underlying the analysis of arterial and venous Doppler signals and on the possible interpretation of abnormal waveforms according to the clinical context.

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Abbreviations

A:

vessel cross-sectional area

ICU:

intensive care unit

CVP:

central venous pressure

ICU:

intensive care unit

IVC:

inferior vena cava

POCUS:

 point-of-care ultrasound

Q:

blood flow

∆P:

pressure difference

PF:

pulsatility fraction

PI:

pulsatility index

R:

resistance

RI:

resistive index

V:

velocity

TVI:

time-velocity integral

Ao:

aorta

AR:

atrial reversal

CI:

confidence interval

CO:

cardiac output

CPB:

cardiopulmonary bypass

d :

diameter

D:

diastolic

DAP:

diastolic arterial pressure

ECA:

external carotid artery

EDV:

end-diastolic velocity

HITS:

high intensity transient signals

HR:

heart rate

HV:

hepatic vein

IABP:

intra-aortic counterpulsation balloon pump

HR:

hazard ratio

ICA:

internal carotid artery

ICU:

intensive care unit

IVC:

inferior vena cava

LA:

left atrium

LV:

left ventricle

LVOT:

left ventricular outflow tract

MPA:

main pulmonary artery

MV:

mean velocity

PDV:

peak systolic velocity

PF:

pulsatility fraction

P fa :

femoral arterial pressure

P ms :

mean systemic venous pressure

P ra :

radial arterial pressure

P ra :

right atrial pressure

P IC :

intra-capsular renal pressure

P pa :

pulmonary artery pressure

Rvr:

resistance to venous return

RA:

right atrium

RI:

resistance index

RPA:

right pulmonary artery

RV:

right ventricle

S:

systolic

SaO2:

oxygen saturation

SAP:

systolic arterial pressure

SVC:

superior vena cava

V :

velocity

V d :

diastolic velocity

V m :

mean velocity

V max :

maximal velocity during the cardiac cycle

V min :

minimal velocity during the cardiac cycle

V s :

systolic velocity

VTI:

velocity-time integral

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Centre Hospitalier de l’Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada

    William Beaubien-Souligny

  2. Department of Anesthesia, Montreal Heart Institute, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada

    William Beaubien-Souligny & André Denault

  3. Division of Intensive Care, Montreal Heart Institute, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada

    André Denault

  4. Division of Intensive Care, Centre Hospitalier de l’Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada

    André Denault

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  1. William Beaubien-Souligny
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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Royal Victoria Hospital (McGill University Health Centre), Departments of Critical Care and Physiology McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada

    Sheldon Magder

  2. UC San Diego, Department of Medicine, La Jolla, CA, USA

    Atul Malhotra

  3. Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA

    Kathryn A. Hibbert

  4. Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA

    Charles Corey Hardin

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Beaubien-Souligny, W., Denault, A. (2021). Extra-cardiac Doppler Hemodynamic Assessment Using Point-of-Care Ultrasound. In: Magder, S., Malhotra, A., Hibbert, K.A., Hardin, C.C. (eds) Cardiopulmonary Monitoring. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-73387-2_26

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