Materials Development for Energy Storage Applications

Abstract

This chapter proposal deals with the electrochemical energy storage using batteries. Indeed, industry professionals throughout the world and state authorities are continuously looking for the most performing batteries because these are found in almost all industrial and service sectors, whether for nomadic energy storage, such as automotive industry and smartphones, or stationary energy storage such as renewable energy.

This chapter proposal aims to develop batteries capable of storing electrochemical energy. The system must be optimized and adapted to electrode materials (anode and cathode) and to the electrolyte used.

The quality and performance of the designed batteries depend directly on the choice of the material for the positive and negative electrodes.

Furthermore, the crystallographic structure, mechanical, electronic, and transport properties as a function of temperature are fundamental characteristics to optimize the capacity of the electrodes using the energy storage in batteries devices, for example.

Moreover, the electrochemical reactivity of the electrode materials with the electrolyte is substantial with regard to the aging phenomena that occur at the electrode /electrolyte interfaces.

In addition to these considerations, one may add the economic and environmental needs, which are necessary for the development of future applications of the battery technology , such as transport (electric vehicles), solar cells, photoelectric, electric energy, pyroelectric, triboelectric nanogenerator, thermoelectric [1] devices, and renewable energy storage.

This chapter presents the theoretical and experimental study of current and future electrode materials and is more particularly oriented toward understanding the physical/chemical mechanisms for the purpose of designing electrodes and electrolytes intended for more efficient Li-ion and Na-ion batteries.