Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Changes in Urban Green Infrastructure in Tabriz, Iran

  • Chapter
  • First Online:
Making Green Cities

Part of the book series: Cities and Nature ((CITIES))

  • 702 Accesses

Abstract

Urban parks should provide access to all urban dwellers within proximity to their residences. This study aims to investigate the accessibility of parks as related to the social status of the inhabitants. The matter was investigated on the example of a socially stratified city Tabriz, Iran. The study examines available park services and potential users within an accessible distance. Park services were identified using quantifiable structural park indicators. The approachable extent was determined based on the park size in different buffer zones. Population quantification as related to potential users by social status in different distances to the parks shows the accessibility of parks for different quantities of inhabitants and various social strata. The society was classified into three classes based on social status (high, middle, and low). Many households do not enjoy government recommended levels of access to public green spaces in Tabriz, and the results highlight the social segregation in park distribution and their accessibility. The best parks lie in the high social status areas, and the accessibility is the best among all societal levels.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Log in via an institution
Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 149.00
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 199.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info
Hardcover Book
USD 199.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

References

  • Alavipanah SK, Darrehbadami SH, Kazemzadeh A (2015) Spatial-temporal analysis of urban heat-island of mashhad city due to land use/cover change and expansion. Geo-Graphical Urban Planning Res 3(1):1–27

    Google Scholar 

  • Badiu DL, Iojă CI, Pătroescu M, Breuste J, Artmann M, Niță MR, Grădinaru SR, Hossu CA, Onose DA (2016) Is urban green space per capita a valuable target to achieve cities ’sus-tainability goals? Romania as a case study. Ecol Indic 70:53–66. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolind.2016.05.044

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Belmeziti A, Cherqui F, Kaufmann B (2018) Improving the multi-functionality of urban green spaces: relations between components of green spaces and urban services. Sustain Cities Soc 43:1–10

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Biddulph F (1999) The legacy of schooling: student teachers’ initial mathematical feelings and competence. Math Teach Educ Dev 1:64–71

    Google Scholar 

  • Breuste J, Rahimi A (2015) Many public urban parks, but who profits from them? The example of Tabriz, Iran. Ecol Processes 4(6):1–15

    Google Scholar 

  • Coles RW, Bussey SC (2000) Urban forest landscapes in the UK—progressing the social agenda. Landsc Urban Plan 52:181–188

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Ebrahimpour-Masoumi H (2012) Urban sprawl in Iranian cities and its differences with the western sprawl. SPATIUM Int Rev 27:12–18. https://doi.org/10.2298/SPAT1227012E

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Ekkel ED, de Vries S (2017) Nearby green space and human health: evaluating accessibility metrics. Landsc Urban Plan 157:214–220. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.landurbplan.2016.06.008

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Franco SF, Macdonald JL (2018) Measurement and valuation of urban greenness: remote sensing and hedonic applications to Lisbon, Portugal. Reg Sci Urban Econ 72:156–180

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Frazier RJ, Coops NC, Wulder MA, Hermosilla T, White JC (2018) Analyzing spatial and tem-poral variability in short-term rates of post-fire vegetation return from landsat time series. Remote Sens Environ 205:32–45. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rse.2017.11.007

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Galster G, Hanson R, Ratcliffe MR, Wolman H, Coleman S, Freihage J (2001) Wrestling sprawl to the ground: defining and measuring an elusive concept. Hous Policy Debate 12(4):681–717

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Giles-Corti B, Broomhall MH, Knuiman M, Collins C, Douglas K, Ng K, Lange A, Donovan RJ (2005) Increasing walking. How important is distance to attractiveness, and size of public open space? Am J Preventive Med 28(2S2):169–176

    Google Scholar 

  • Grahn P, Stigsdotter UA (2003) Landscape planning and stress. Urban For Urban Green 2(1):1–18

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Hosseini A, Pourahmad A, Pajohan M (2015) Assessment of institutions in sustainable urban-management effects on sustainable development of Tehran: learning from a developing country. J Urban Planning Dev 142(2):1–14. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)UP.1943-5444.0000301

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Kabisch N, Selsam P, Kirsten T, Lausch A, Bumberger J (2019) A multi-sensor and multi-temporal remote sensing approach to detect land cover change dynamics in heterogeneous urban landscapes. Ecol Ind 99:273–282

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Leccese M, McCormick K (2000) Charter of the new urbanism. McGraw-Hill, New York

    Google Scholar 

  • Li F, Liu X, Zhang X, Zhao D, Liu H, Zhou C, Wang R (2017) Urban ecological infrastructure: an integrated network for ecosystem services and sustainable urban systems. J Clean Prod 163:12–18

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Lindsey G, Maraj M, Kuan S (2001) Access, equity, and urban greenways: an exploratory investigation. Prof Geogr 53(3):332–346

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Majnonian H (1996) Parks, green spaces, and promenades. Parks and Green Spaces Org, Tehran

    Google Scholar 

  • Matos P, Vieira J, Rocha B, Branquinho C, Pinho P (2019) Modeling the provision of air-quality regulation ecosystem service provided by urban green spaces using lichens as eco-logical indicators. Sci Total Environ 665:521–530

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Murai S (1996) GIS workbook (fundamental course). Japan Association of Surveyors, Tokyo

    Google Scholar 

  • Nielsen TS, Hansen KB (2007) Do green areas affect health? Results from a Danish survey on the use of green areas and health indicators. Health Place 13:839–850

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Pauleit S, Hansen R, Rall EL, Zolch T, Andersson E, Luz A, Santos A, Szaraz L, Tosics I, Vierikko K (2017) Urban landscapes and green infrastructure. In: Shugart H (ed) Oxford research encyclopedia of environmental science. Oxford University Press, Oxford, pp 1–57. https://doi.org/10.1093/acrefore/9780199389414.013.23

  • Rahimi A (2013) Assessment and modeling of spatial development, with the emphasis on infill development: the case of Metropolis Tabriz. Ph.D. thesis, Tabriz University, Tabriz, Iran

    Google Scholar 

  • Rahimi A (2016) A methodological approach to urban land use change modeling using infill development pattern—a case study in Tabriz, Iran. Ecol Process 5(1):1–15

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Rahimi A (2017) Infill development, a new approach to protect urban land in Tabriz. J Geogr Planning 22:77–98

    Google Scholar 

  • Ramaswami A, Russell AG, Culligan PJ, Sharma KR, Kuma E (2016) Meta-principles for developing smart, sustainable, and healthy cities. Science 352(6288):940–943. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.aaf7160

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Sadr Mousavi MS, Rahimi A (2012) Analysis of spatial expansion in Tabriz city and demolition of agriculture area and urban green spaces. Geogr Territorial Spatial Arrange Zahedan 2(4):99–109

    Google Scholar 

  • Saidnia A (2004) Urban green space. Green book of municipality in Iran, vol 5. Municipalities organization of Iran, Tehran

    Google Scholar 

  • Selmi W, Weber C, Rivière E, Blond N, Mehdi L, Nowak D (2016) Air pollution removal by trees in public green spaces in Strasbourg city, France. Urban Urban Green 17:192–201

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Silberstein J, Maser C (2000) Land use planning for sustainable development, sustainable community development series. CRC Press LLC, Boca Raton

    Google Scholar 

  • Statistical Center of Iran (2016) National population and housing census. https://www.amar.org.ir. Accessed June 2018

  • Tao Y, Li F, Wang RS, Zhao D (2015) Effects of land use and cover change on terrestrial car-bon stocks in urbanized areas: a study from Changzhou, China. J Clean Prod 103:651–657

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Tayyebi A, Shafizadeh-Moghadam H, Tayyebi AH (2018) Analyzing long-term spatiotemporal patterns of land surface temperature in response to rapid urbanization in the mega-city of Tehran. Land Use Policy 71:459–469. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.landusepol.2017.11.023

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Tsou K, Hung Y, Chang Y (2005) An accessibility-based integrated measure of relative spatial equity in urban public facilities. Cities 22(6):424–435

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • USGS—United States Geological Survey (2015) United States geological survey. https://earthexplorer.usgs.gov. Accessed July 2018

  • van Herzele A, Wiedemann T (2003) A monitoring tool for the provision of accessible and attractive urban green spaces. Landsc Urban Plan 63(2):109–126. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0169-2046(02)00192-5

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Wulder MA, Coops NC (2014) Make earth observations open access. Nature 513:30–31. https://doi.org/10.1038/513030a

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Zhang S, Ramírez FM (2019) Assessing and mapping ecosystem services to support urban green infrastructure: the case of Barcelona, Spain. Cities 92:59–70

    Article  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Landscape Engineering, University of Tabriz, Bolvare 29 bahman 201, Tabriz, 5166616471, Iran

    Akbar Rahimi

  2. Department of the Environment and Biodiversity, University of Salzburg, Hellbrunnerstr. 34, Salzburg, 5020, Austria

    Jürgen Breuste

Authors
  1. Akbar Rahimi
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Jürgen Breuste
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Akbar Rahimi .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Geography and Geology, University of Salzburg, Salzburg, Austria

    Jürgen Breuste

  2. Landscape Change and Management, Leibniz Institute of Ecological Urban and Regional Development, Dresden, Sachsen, Germany

    Martina Artmann

  3. Center for Environmental Research and Impact Studies, University of Bucharest, Bucharest, Romania

    Cristian Ioja

  4. Department of Geography (Landscape Ecology), Humboldt University of Berlin, Berlin, Germany

    Salman Qureshi

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2023 Springer Nature Switzerland AG

About this chapter

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this chapter

Rahimi, A., Breuste, J. (2023). Changes in Urban Green Infrastructure in Tabriz, Iran. In: Breuste, J., Artmann, M., Ioja, C., Qureshi, S. (eds) Making Green Cities. Cities and Nature. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-73089-5_32

Download citation

Publish with us

Policies and ethics

Search

Navigation