Abstract
The first subchapter of this chapter starts with the fundamentals and types of turbulent flows, correlations, length and time scales followed by spectral representation, spectral tensor and energy spectral function. The averaging fundamental equations of turbulent flow is treated in the second subchapter. The third subchapter deals with thr turbulence modeling that includes algebraic model such as Cebeci-Smith, Baldwin-Lomax models. The one-equation model by Prandtl precedes the detailed explanation of the two-equation models such as k-, k–model and k- and their combination. Introduction of turbulence grids to increase the turbulence intensity, presentation of several examples along with the discussion about rans-shortcomings concludes this chapter.
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Notes
- 1.
The averages of a random quantity are called statistics. This includes mean and the rms (root-mean-square) of that quantity.
- 2.
Detailed derivations of (9.31) is found in Hinze [75], p. 179 and Rotta [76], p. 80.
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Schobeiri, M.T. (2022). Turbulent Flow, Modeling. In: Advanced Fluid Mechanics and Heat Transfer for Engineers and Scientists. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-72925-7_9
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-72925-7_9
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