Abstract
Heavy resonances, as predicted by theories extending the SM, result in highly energetic particles and very collimated decays. Already since the first collision data have been studied at the LHC, jet substructure methods have been an integral part in analyses searching for unknown effects. With higher centre-of-mass energies and the availability of larger datasets, their relevance has multiplied. Nowadays, jet substructure methods permeate numerous analyses aiming at very different final states. This chapter provides an overview of searches for new physical phenomena where substructure techniques have been indispensable and will play a major role in the future.
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Notes
- 1.
The \(p_\mathrm {T}^{\mathrm {miss}}\) denotes the magnitude of the two-component vector \(\mathbf {p}_\mathrm {T}^{\mathrm {\,miss}}\), which is calculated as the negative vectorial sum of the transverse momenta of electrons, muons, small-R jets, and unassociated tracks in ATLASÂ [708], or of all PF candidates in CMSÂ [709].
- 2.
For completeness, note that the limits on \(T \rightarrow W b \) can be interpreted as limits on \(Y\), since the decays \(T \overline{T} \rightarrow (W^{+} b) (W^{-} \overline{b})\) and \(Y \overline{Y} \rightarrow (W^{-} b)(W^{+} \overline{b})\) are indistinguishable in searches.
- 3.
Also the lepton momentum is adjusted, but to a lesser degree, because the experimental resolution is better than for jets.
- 4.
Note that the bounds shown in Fig. 5.16 have been obtained by a projection of 8\(\,\mathrm {TeV}\) analyses in 2014, before data at 13\(\,\mathrm {TeV}\) have been available. Remarkably, the bounds reflect the current best-limits rather well.
- 5.
The interested reader is referred to [987, 988] for an exhaustive historical perspective on the scientific struggle, including the observational discoveries and the theoretical arguments, that preceded dark matter becoming part of the standard cosmological model.
- 6.
Photon conversions \(\gamma \rightarrow e^+e^- \) in the tracking detector may lead to tracks pointing in the direction of the photon candidate, such that a higher selection efficiency is obtained by a pixel veto, instead of discarding all candidates with an associated track.
- 7.
Note that this signature also arises in other models of new physics, for example two-Higgs-doublet models with an additional pseudoscalar [1076].
- 8.
The text in the first paragraph of this subsection has been taken from [1212] and has been written by the author. It has been adjusted to fit this book.
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Kogler, R. (2021). Direct Searches for New Physics. In: Advances in Jet Substructure at the LHC. Springer Tracts in Modern Physics, vol 284. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-72858-8_5
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-72858-8_5
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