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Resilience and Adaptation Strategies for Urban Heat at Regional, City and Local Scales

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Disaster Risk Reduction for Resilience

Abstract

An urban heat island (UHI) effect is a phenomenon that occurs when urban areas experience higher temperature than their surrounding rural areas. This contributes to global warming, risk of heat-related mortalities and unpredictable thermal conditions. Therefore, gaining insights into the knowledge of resilience and adaptation against adverse urban heat effects contribute to the development of sustainable cities. This chapter presents three case studies focusing on the contemporary Australian experience in mitigating UHI effects and thermal discomfort at regional, city and local scales. The case studies are based on satellite imagery, in situ observations and community engagement to deliver a comprehensive understanding of the contemporary efforts to reduce the effect of urban heat. On the regional scale, the role of strategic urban planning and related infill development policy on spatial variation of UHI was examined. This was conducted through diurnal and nocturnal moderate resolution imaging spectroradiometer (MODIS) imageries in South East Queensland between 2005 and 2018. Subsequently, this chapter describes an innovative approach to integrate geospatial data and community opinions on urban greening and community shade to develop a shade mapping and (walking) route comfort model for the city as an adaptation approach to excess heat in urban areas. Finally, the survey findings on the human–place relationship in urban environments of Melbourne’s central business district (CBD) under various meteorological conditions at the local level were presented. The findings will significantly contribute to enhance the resilience and adaptation strategies for urban heat.

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Notes

  1. 1.

    Land surface temperature (LST) is the radiative skin temperature of the land derived from solar radiation. A simplified definition would be how hot the ‘surface’ of the earth would feel to the touch in a particular location. ESA (2019). [Accessed 17/11/2019].

Abbreviations

CBD:

Central business district

Cfb:

Oceanic temperate climate

GIS:

Geographic information system

LGA:

Local government areas

LST:

Land surface temperature

MODIS:

Moderate resolution imaging spectroradiometer

PET:

Physiological equivalent temperature

PGIS:

The participatory GIS

RH:

Relative humidity

RMS:

Root mean square

RUCC:

RMIT University City Campus

SEQ:

South East Queensland

SUH:

Surface urban heat island

T a :

Air temperature

T g :

Globe temperature

ToE:

Time of exposure

TSV:

Thermal sensation vote

UHI:

Urban heat island

USGS:

United States Geological Survey

V a :

Wind velocity

WHO:

World Health Organization

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Centre for Urban Research, School of Global, Urban and Social Studies, RMIT University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia

    Kaveh Deilami, Andrew Butt & Marco Amati

  2. School of Property, Construction and Project Management, RMIT University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia

    Salman Shooshtarian

  3. Community Planning and Development, La Trobe University, Bendigo, VIC, Australia

    Julie Rudner

Authors
  1. Kaveh Deilami
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  2. Salman Shooshtarian
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  3. Julie Rudner
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  4. Andrew Butt
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  5. Marco Amati
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Correspondence to Kaveh Deilami .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Isfahan University of Technology, Isfahan, Iran

    Saeid Eslamian

  2. McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada

    Faezeh Eslamian

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Deilami, K., Shooshtarian, S., Rudner, J., Butt, A., Amati, M. (2022). Resilience and Adaptation Strategies for Urban Heat at Regional, City and Local Scales. In: Eslamian, S., Eslamian, F. (eds) Disaster Risk Reduction for Resilience. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-72196-1_8

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