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Damped Oscillation in the Cyanobacterial Clock System

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Circadian Rhythms in Bacteria and Microbiomes

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Abstract

Although chronobiologists have postulated self-sustainability in circadian clocks, we report here two examples of damped oscillation in the cyanobacterial circadian system. First, low temperature transformed the self-sustained KaiC phosphorylation rhythm into damped oscillations. Second, deletion of the kaiA gene showed damped oscillation in the bioluminescent rhythm. These damped rhythms resonated with periodical environmental changes and then recovered their oscillation amplitudes. Numerical experiments confirmed that biochemical networks with the characteristic of self-sustained oscillation are rare. Evolutionary searches revealed that photoperiodism might contribute to evolving the self-sustainability of circadian rhythms. Although damped oscillators have not received substantial chronobiological analyses, our findings suggest that the circadian clock can easily transform into a damped oscillator by environmental or genetic perturbation and might function as a semi-clock system.

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Notes

  1. 1.

    Using the terms of bifurcation theory, conversion of a 5-node, non-self-sustained (or self-sustained) oscillator into a 6-node, self-sustained (or non-self-sustained) oscillator can be described as follows: We have a 6-node system and two control parameters that represent intensity of regulations from node 5 to 6 and from 6 to 4. Some type of bifurcation occurs as the parameter values are increased from 0 (no regulation) toward large values.

Abbreviations

DD:

constant darkness

LD:

light dark cycle

LL:

constant light

PTO:

post-transcriptional oscillator

SNIC:

saddle-node bifurcation on an invariant circle

TTFL:

transcriptional-translational feedback loop

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Acknowledgments

We thank Takao Kondo, Kumiko Miwa, Isao Tokuda, Hiroshi Kori, and Chiaki Oshima for fruitful discussion and collaboration during the course of our studies. This study was supported in part by a Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (KAKENHI) from JSPS (Grant nos. 18K19349 and 23657138 to H. Iwasaki, 18H05474 to H. Ito, 16J40136 to Y.M.) and by the Education and Research Center for Mathematical and Data Science (Kyushu University to H. Ito).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Faculty of Design, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan

    Hiroshi Ito & Motohide Seki

  2. Department of Electrical Engineering and Biological Science, Waseda University, Tokyo, Japan

    Yoriko Murayama, Naohiro Kawamoto & Hideo Iwasaki

Authors
  1. Hiroshi Ito
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  2. Yoriko Murayama
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  3. Naohiro Kawamoto
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  4. Motohide Seki
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  5. Hideo Iwasaki
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Correspondence to Hiroshi Ito or Hideo Iwasaki .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Biological Sciences, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA

    Carl Hirschie Johnson

  2. University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA

    Michael Joseph Rust

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Ito, H., Murayama, Y., Kawamoto, N., Seki, M., Iwasaki, H. (2021). Damped Oscillation in the Cyanobacterial Clock System. In: Johnson, C.H., Rust, M.J. (eds) Circadian Rhythms in Bacteria and Microbiomes. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-72158-9_12

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