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Physiology of the Mesenteric Circulation

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The Mesenteric Organ in Health and Disease

Abstract

The mesenteric circulation is responsible for the blood supply to the small intestine, ascending colon and the proximal two-thirds of the transverse colon. Control of blood flow in the mesenteric circulation occurs at the level of the microcirculation consisting of microscopic arteries and arterioles, capillaries and microscopic veins. Autoregulation of blood flow within the mesentery is achieved by a variety of mechanisms. These include direct vasodilator effects on mesenteric blood vessels caused by tissue hypoxia and accumulation of metabolic byproducts. Osmotic factors are also involved with vasodilation. Myogenic pathways, cardiovascular influences, the autonomic system and neurohumoral factors all have significant roles in mesenteric blood flow. A thorough description of the influences of these and standard fluid dynamics of blood flow are included in this chapter.

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Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Internal Medicine, Advocate Lutheran General Hospital, Skokie, IL, USA

    Saad Hashmi

  2. Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology, Advocate Lutheran General Hospital, 1775 Dempster St, 6 South, Park Ridge, IL, 60068, USA

    Ahmed Khattab

  3. Department of Medicine, Advocate Lutheran General Hospital, 1775 Dempster St, 6 South, Park Ridge, IL, 60068, USA

    Eli D. Ehrenpreis

Authors
  1. Saad Hashmi
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  2. Ahmed Khattab
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  3. Eli D. Ehrenpreis
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to Eli D. Ehrenpreis .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Medicine, Advocate Lutheran General Hospital, Park Ridge, IL, USA

    Eli D. Ehrenpreis

  2. Department of Surgery, University of Chicago Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA

    John C. Alverdy

  3. Department of Colon and Rectal Surgery, Cleveland Clinic Florida, Weston, FL, USA

    Steven D. Wexner

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Hashmi, S., Khattab, A., Ehrenpreis, E.D. (2021). Physiology of the Mesenteric Circulation. In: Ehrenpreis, E.D., Alverdy, J.C., Wexner, S.D. (eds) The Mesenteric Organ in Health and Disease. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-71963-0_13

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-71963-0_13

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  • Publisher Name: Springer, Cham

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-030-71962-3

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-030-71963-0

  • eBook Packages: MedicineMedicine (R0)

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